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    2. स्वर्णकाकः - Svarnakakah - Class 9 - Shemushi 1

    • Jan 25
    • 5 min read

    Updated: Jan 29

    1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)


    English Summary:

    This story is adapted from the collection "Vishvakathashatakam" by Sri Padma Shastri. It is a famous folktale from Burma (Myanmar). The story revolves around two girls: one humble and the other greedy.

    Once, a poor old woman lived with her beautiful and humble daughter. One day, while the daughter was guarding rice grains drying in the sun, a strange crow with gold wings and a silver beak appeared and ate the rice. When the girl cried, the crow promised to repay her and asked her to come to the peepal tree outside the village. There, the crow offered her a golden ladder to climb and food in a golden plate, though she humbly asked for copper ones. Finally, he offered her three boxes. She chose the smallest one, which turned out to be filled with valuable diamonds.

    Seeing this, a greedy woman in the same village tried to mimic the deed. Her daughter was rude and demanded a golden ladder and the biggest box. The crow gave her a copper ladder and, inside the biggest box, she found a black cobra.


    Moral (Sandesh):

    Greed leads to misery and destruction, while humility, honesty, and contentment lead to prosperity and happiness.


    2. Sentence-by-Sentence Translation (Anuvad)

    Sanskrit Text (Split Sandhis)

    English Translation

    पुरा कस्मिंश्चिद् ग्रामे एका निर्धना वृद्धा स्त्री न्यवसत्।

    Once, in a certain village, there lived a poor old woman.

    तस्याः च एका दुहिता विनम्रा मनोहरा च आसीत्।

    She had a daughter who was humble and beautiful.

    एकदा माता स्थाल्यां तण्डुलान् निक्षिप्य पुत्रीम् आदिशत्।

    Once, the mother placed rice grains in a plate and ordered her daughter.

    "सूर्यातपे तण्डुलान् खगेभ्यो रक्ष।"

    "Protect the rice grains from birds in the heat of the sun."

    किञ्चित् कालादनन्तरम् एको विचित्रः काकः समुड्डीय तस्याः समीपम् अगच्छत्।

    After some time, a strange crow flew and came near her.

    नैतादृशः स्वर्णपक्षो रजतचञ्चुः स्वर्णकाकस्तया पूर्वं दृष्टः।

    She had never seen such a golden-winged, silver-beaked golden crow before.

    तं तण्डुलान् खादन्तं हसन्तञ्च विलोक्य बालिका रोदितुम् आरब्धा।

    Seeing him eating the rice and laughing, the girl started crying.

    तं निवारयन्ती सा प्रार्थयत् - "तण्डुलान् मा भक्षय।"

    Stopping him, she prayed, "Do not eat the rice."

    "मदीया माता अतीव निर्धना वर्तते।"

    "My mother is very poor."

    स्वर्णपक्षः काकः प्रोवाच - "मा शुचः।"

    The golden-winged crow said, "Do not grieve."

    "सूर्योदयात् प्राक् ग्रामाद् बहिः पिप्पलवृक्षमनु त्वया आगन्तव्यम्।"

    "Come to the peepal tree outside the village before sunrise."

    "अहं तुभ्यं तण्डुलमूल्यं दास्यामि।"

    "I will give you the price of the rice."

    प्रहर्षिता बालिका निद्रामपि न लेभे।

    The happy girl did not even get sleep.

    (Greedy Neighbor Segment)


    तस्मिन्नेव ग्रामे एका अपरा लुब्धा वृद्धा न्यवसत्।

    In that same village lived another greedy old woman.

    ईर्ष्यया सा तस्य स्वर्णकाकस्य रहस्यम् ज्ञातवती।

    Out of jealousy, she found out the secret of that golden crow.

    सूर्यातपे तण्डुलान् निक्षिप्य तयापि स्वसुता रक्षार्थं नियुक्ता।

    Placing rice in the sun, she too appointed her daughter for protection.

    तथैव स्वर्णपक्षः काकः तण्डुलान् भक्षयन् तामपि तत्रैव आकारयत्।

    Similarly, the golden-winged crow, eating the rice, called her to the same place.

    3. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)


    1. दुहिता (Duhita) = Daughter (सुता / पुत्री)

    2. स्थाल्याम् (Sthalyam) = In the plate (पात्रे)

    3. खगेभ्यः (Khagebhyah) = From birds (पक्षिभ्यः)

    4. समुड्डीय (Samuddiya) = Flying (उत्पत्य)

    5. रजतचञ्चुः (Rajatachanchuh) = Silver beak (चाँदी की चोंच)

    6. निवारयन्ती (Nivarayanti) = Stopping (रोक्यन्ती)

    7. मा शुचः (Ma Shuchah) = Do not grieve (शोकं मा कुरु)

    8. प्राक् (Prak) = Before (पूर्वम्)

    9. गवाक्षात् (Gavakshat) = From the window (खिडकी से)

    10. सोपानम् (Sopanam) = Ladder / Staircase (सीढ़ी)

    11. लुब्धा (Lubdha) = Greedy (लोभी)

    12. भीषणकृष्णसर्पः (Bhishanakrishnasarpah) = Terrible black snake


    4. Competency-Based Assessment

    A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

    Sentence

    Question

    Explanation

    निर्धना वृद्धा दुहिताम् आदिशत्।

    का दुहिताम् आदिशत्?

    Used 'Ka' because 'Vriddha' is Feminine Singular subject.

    बालिका खगेभ्यः तण्डुलान् रक्षति।

    बालिका केभ्यः तण्डुलान् रक्षति?

    Used 'Kebhyah' (From whom) for Dative/Ablative Plural.

    सा स्वर्णकाकं निवारयन्ती प्रार्थयत्।

    सा कम् निवारयन्ती प्रार्थयत्?

    Used 'Kam' for Masculine Accusative singular.

    सूर्योदयात् पूर्वमेव सा तत्र उपस्थिता।

    कस्मात् पूर्वमेव सा तत्र उपस्थिता?

    Used 'Kasmat' for Ablative case.

    लुब्धा वृद्धा स्वर्णकाकस्य रहस्यम् अभिज्ञातवती।

    लुब्धा वृद्धा कस्य रहस्यम् अभिज्ञातवती?

    Used 'Kasya' for Genitive singular.

    B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)


    1. Question: In "एका निर्धना वृद्धा स्त्री न्यवसत्", what is the Visheshan (Adjective)?

      • Answer: निर्धना / वृद्धा (Poor / Old)

      • Explanation: Both words describe the noun 'Stri' (Woman).


    2. Question: In "काकः तण्डुलान् भक्षयन् आसीत्", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

      • Answer: आसीत् (Was eating - auxiliary). Or 'Bhakshayan' is the participle.

      • Explanation: Describes the action.


    3. Question: Write the antonym for "श्वेतः" (White) from the text describing the snake.

      • Answer: कृष्णः (Black).

      • Explanation: The greedy girl found a 'Krishna-sarpah'.


    4. Question: Write the synonym for "प्रासादः" (Palace) from the text describing the crow's home.

      • Answer: हर्म्यम् / भवनम् (Text uses 'Prasada' or implies a grand house).


    5. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

    A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

    • Q: माता कां आदिशत्? (Whom did the mother order?)

      • Ans: पुत्रीम् / दुहिताम् (Daughter).


    • Q: स्वर्णकाकः कान अखादत्? (What did the golden crow eat?)

      • Ans: तण्डुलान् (Rice grains).


    • Q: बालिका कीदृशं काकं दृष्टवती? (What kind of crow did the girl see?)

      • Ans: स्वर्णपक्षम् / विचित्रम् (Golden-winged / Strange).


    • Q: लुब्धायाः पुत्र्याः मञ्जूषायां कः आसीत्? (What was in the greedy daughter's box?)

      • Ans: कृष्णसर्पः (Black snake).


    B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)

    • Q: निर्धनायाः वृद्धायाः दुहिता कीदृशी आसीत्? (How was the poor old woman's daughter?)

      • Ans: निर्धनायाः वृद्धायाः दुहिता विनम्रा मनोहरा च आसीत्। (She was humble and beautiful).


    • Q: बालिका पूर्वं कीदृशः काकः न दृष्टः आसीत्? (What kind of crow had the girl not seen before?)

      • Ans: बालिका पूर्वं स्वर्णपक्षः रजतचञ्चुः स्वर्णकाकः न दृष्टः आसीत्। (She had not seen a golden-winged, silver-beaked golden crow before).


    • Q: काकः बालिकां तण्डुलमूल्यं ग्रहीतुं कुत्र अकथयत्? (Where did the crow tell the girl to collect the rice price?)

      • Ans: काकः बालिकां ग्रामाद्बहिः पिप्पलवृक्षमनु आगन्तुम् अकथयत्। (The crow told her to come to the peepal tree outside the village).


    6. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)

    A. Sandhi (Joining/Splitting)

    1. न्यवसत् = नि + अवसत् (Yan Sandhi).

    2. सूर्यातपे = सूर्य + आतपे (Dirgha Sandhi).

    3. चैका = च + एका (Vriddhi Sandhi).

    4. प्रोवाच = प्र + उवाच (Guna Sandhi).

    5. ग्रामान्निर्धना = ग्रामात् + निर्धना (Vyanjan Sandhi).

    6. काकोऽब्रवीत् = काकः + अब्रवीत् (Visarga - Utvam).


    B. Pratyaya (Suffixes)

    1. विलोक्य = वि + लोक् + ल्यप् (Having seen).

    2. समुड्डीय = सम् + उद् + डी + ल्यप् (Having flown).

    3. खादितुम् = खाद् + तुमुन् (To eat).

    4. आगच्छन् = आ + गम् + शतृ (Coming).

    5. हसन्तम् = हस् + शतृ (Laughing).

    6. निक्षिप्य = नि + क्षिप् + ल्यप् (Having thrown/placed).


    7. Event Sequencing (Ghatnakram)

    Jumbled Sentences:

    1. लुब्धायाः पुत्र्याः मञ्जूषायां भीषणकृष्णसर्पः आसीत्।

    2. माता पुत्रीम् आदिशत् - "सूर्यातपे तण्डुलान् खगेभ्यो रक्ष।"

    3. बालिका पिप्पलवृक्षस्य समीपं गता।

    4. विचित्रः स्वर्णकाकः तण्डुलान् अभक्षयत्।

    5. बालिका लघुतम मञ्जूषां गृहीतवती।

    6. काकः बालिकायै सोपानम् अवतारयत्।


    Correct Order:

    1. माता पुत्रीम् आदिशत् - "सूर्यातपे तण्डुलान् खगेभ्यो रक्ष।" (Mother ordered daughter).

    2. विचित्रः स्वर्णकाकः तण्डुलान् अभक्षयत्। (Strange crow ate rice).

    3. बालिका पिप्पलवृक्षस्य समीपं गता। (Girl went near the tree).

    4. काकः बालिकायै सोपानम् अवतारयत्। (Crow lowered the ladder).

    5. बालिका लघुतम मञ्जूषां गृहीतवती। (Girl took the smallest box).

    6. लुब्धायाः पुत्र्याः मञ्जूषायां भीषणकृष्णसर्पः आसीत्। (Greedy girl found snake).


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