top of page
    Search

    5. गीता सुगीता कर्तव्या - Gita Sugita Kartavya - Class 8 - Deepakam

    • Jan 31
    • 6 min read

    Updated: Feb 3

    1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)

    English Summary:

    This chapter introduces students to the wisdom of the Shrimad Bhagavad Gita through a dialogue between a father and his son, Ramesh, who visit the Gita Jayanti Mahotsav in Kurukshetra. The father explains that the Gita is the divine advice given by Lord Krishna to Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra when Arjuna refused to fight against his own relatives. The Gita teaches the importance of performing one's duty (Karma) without attachment to the results.

    The chapter presents selected verses from the Gita that highlight key concepts:

    1. Sthitaprajna (The Steady-Minded): A person who remains balanced in happiness and sorrow, and is free from attachment, fear, and anger.

    2. Cycle of Anger: Anger leads to delusion, which causes loss of memory, leading to the destruction of the intellect and ultimately the person's ruin.

    3. Path to Knowledge: Knowledge is attained through humility, inquiry, and service to the wise (Guru).

    4. Faith and Peace: A person with faith and self-control attains knowledge and supreme peace.

    5. Qualities of a Devotee: A true devotee is free from hatred, is compassionate, egoless, and balanced in pain and pleasure.

    6. Austerity of Speech: Speaking truthfully, pleasantly, and beneficially, along with the study of scriptures, is called the austerity of speech.


    Moral (Sandesh):

    One should perform duties with a balanced mind, control anger and senses, and seek knowledge with humility to lead a meaningful life.


    2. Shloka Translation (Anuvad)

    Sanskrit Text (Split Sandhis)

    English Translation

    गीता सुगीता कर्तव्या किमन्यैः शास्त्रविस्तरैः।

    The Gita should be well-sung (studied/practiced); what is the need for other extensive scriptures?

    या स्वयं पद्मनाभस्य मुखपद्माद्विनिःसृता॥

    Because it has emerged directly from the lotus-mouth of Lord Vishnu (Padmanabha).

    दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः।

    One whose mind is not agitated in sorrow, and who is free from desire in happiness.

    वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते॥ १॥

    Who is free from attachment, fear, and anger—such a sage is called 'Steady-Minded' (Sthitadhi).

    क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोहः सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः।

    From anger comes delusion; from delusion comes the confusion/loss of memory.

    स्मृतिभ्रंशाद् बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति॥ २॥

    From loss of memory comes the destruction of intellect; from the destruction of intellect, one perishes.

    तद्विद्धि प्रणिपातेन परिप्रश्नेन सेवया।

    Know that (Truth) by bowing down (humility), by repeated questioning, and by service.

    उपदेक्ष्यन्ति ते ज्ञानं ज्ञानिनस्तत्त्वदर्शिनः॥ ३॥

    The wise seers of Truth will instruct you in that knowledge.

    श्रद्धावाँल्लभते ज्ञानं तत्परः संयतेन्द्रियः।

    The faithful, devoted, and self-controlled person attains knowledge.

    ज्ञानं लब्ध्वा परां शान्तिमचिरेणाधिगच्छति॥ ४॥

    Having attained knowledge, he quickly attains supreme peace.

    अद्वेष्टा सर्वभूतानां मैत्रः करुण एव च।

    One who hates no being, is friendly and compassionate.

    निर्ममो निरह‌ङ्कारः स समदुःखसुखः क्षमी॥ ५॥

    Who is free from 'mineness' (attachment) and ego, balanced in pain and pleasure, and forgiving—(he is My devotee).

    सन्तुष्टः सततं योगी यतात्मा दृढनिश्चयः।

    The Yogi who is ever content, self-controlled, and firmly resolved.

    मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्यो मद्भक्तः स मे प्रियः॥ ६॥

    Who has surrendered his mind and intellect to Me—such a devotee is dear to Me.

    यस्मान्नोद्विजते लोकः लोकान्नोद्विजते च यः।

    He by whom the world is not agitated, and who is not agitated by the world.

    हर्षामर्षभयोद्वेगैर्मुक्तो यः स च मे प्रियः॥ ७॥

    And who is free from joy, envy, fear, and anxiety—he is dear to Me.

    अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत्।

    Speech which causes no agitation, which is truthful, pleasant, and beneficial.

    स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्गयं तप उच्यते॥ ८॥

    And the practice of self-study (recitation of scriptures)—this is called the austerity of speech.

    3. Shloka Analysis


    Shloka 2 (The Chain of Destruction)

    क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोहः सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः...

    • Anvaya: क्रोधात् सम्मोहः भवति, सम्मोहात् स्मृतिविभ्रमः (भवति), स्मृतिभ्रंशात् बुद्धिनाशः (भवति), बुद्धिनाशात् (नरः) प्रणश्यति.

    • Analysis: Anger clouds judgment (Delusion). Delusion makes one forget right and wrong (Loss of Memory). When memory fails, the power of discrimination is lost (Destruction of Intellect). When intellect is destroyed, the person is ruined.


    Shloka 3 (Method of Learning)

    तद्विद्धि प्रणिपातेन परिप्रश्नेन सेवया...

    • Anvaya: (त्वं) तद् (ज्ञानं) प्रणिपातेन परिप्रश्नेन सेवया विद्धि. तत्त्वदर्शिनः ज्ञानिनः ते ज्ञानम् उपदेक्ष्यन्ति.

    • Analysis: Knowledge cannot be demanded; it must be sought with humility (Pranipata), curiosity/inquiry (Pariprashna), and service (Seva) to the Guru.


    Shloka 8 (Vangmayam Tapah - Austerity of Speech)

    अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत्...

    • Analysis: Speech should have four qualities:

      1. Anudvegakaram: Non-agitating (should not hurt others).

      2. Satyam: Truthful.

      3. Priyam: Pleasant.

      4. Hitam: Beneficial.

      5. Self-study (Swadhyaya) is also part of verbal austerity.


    4. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)

    1. पद्मनाभस्य (Padmanabhasya) = Of Lord Vishnu (whose navel is like a lotus).

    2. अनुद्विग्नमनाः (Anudvignamanah) = Whose mind is not agitated.

    3. विगतस्पृहः (Vigatasprihah) = Free from desire/craving.

    4. स्थितधीः (Sthitadhih) = Steady-minded / Person of steady wisdom.

    5. सम्मोहः (Sammohah) = Delusion / Confusion.

    6. प्रणिपातेन (Pranipatena) = By bowing down / Prostration.

    7. संयतेन्द्रियः (Samyatendriyah) = One who has controlled senses.

    8. अद्वेष्टा (Adveshta) = Non-hater / Free from malice.

    9. निर्ममः (Nirmamah) = Free from the sense of 'mine' (possessiveness).

    10. अमर्षः (Amarshah) = Intolerance / Envy / Impatience.

    11. वाङ्गयम् (Vangmayam) = Relating to speech / Verbal.


    5. Competency-Based Assessment

    A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

    Sentence

    Question

    Explanation

    श्रद्धावान् ज्ञानं लभते।

    कः ज्ञानं लभते?

    Used 'Kah' for Masculine Singular subject.

    क्रोधात् सम्मोहः भवति।

    कस्मात् सम्मोहः भवति?

    Used 'Kasmat' for Ablative case (Source/Cause).

    सेवया ज्ञानं प्राप्यते।

    कया ज्ञानं प्राप्यते?

    Used 'Kaya' for Feminine Instrumental.

    ज्ञानिनः ज्ञानम् उपदेक्ष्यन्ति।

    के ज्ञानम् उपदेक्ष्यन्ति?

    Used 'Ke' for Masculine Plural subject.

    अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं वदेत्।

    कीदृशं वाक्यं वदेत्?

    Used 'Kidrisham' for Adjective (Neuter).

    B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)


    1. Question: In "वीतरागभयक्रोधः मुनिः", what is the Visheshan (Adjective)?

      • Answer: वीतरागभयक्रोधः (Free from attachment, fear, anger).

      • Explanation: It describes the noun 'Munih'.


    2. Question: In "ज्ञानं लब्ध्वा परां शान्तिम् अधिगच्छति", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

      • Answer: अधिगच्छति (Adhigacchati)

      • Explanation: It means 'attains'. 'Labdhva' is a suffix-based participle.


    3. Question: Write the synonym for "पण्डितः / ज्ञानी" from Shloka 1.

      • Answer: बुधः / मुनिः / स्थितधीः.

      • Explanation: 'Munih' refers to the wise sage.


    4. Question: Write the antonym for "शत्रुः" (Enemy) implied in Shloka 5.

      • Answer: मैत्रः (Maitrah)

      • Explanation: 'Maitrah' means friendly.


    6. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

    A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

    • Q: कस्मात् सम्मोहः जायते? (From what does delusion arise?)

      • Ans: क्रोधात् (From anger).

    • Q: श्रद्धावान् किं लभते? (What does a faithful person attain?)

      • Ans: ज्ञानम् (Knowledge).

    • Q: कीदृशः जनः स्थितधीः उच्यते? (What kind of person is called steady-minded?)

      • Ans: वीतरागभयक्रोधः / मुनिः (One free from attachment, fear, and anger).

    • Q: अर्जुनाय गीतां कः उपदिष्टवान्? (Who taught the Gita to Arjuna?)

      • Ans: श्रीकृष्णः (Lord Krishna).


    B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)

    • Q: कीदृशं वाक्यं वाङ्गयं तपः उच्यते? (What kind of speech is called the austerity of speech?)

      • Ans: यत् वाक्यं अनुद्वेगकरं, सत्यं, प्रियहितं च भवति, तत् वाङ्गयं तपः उच्यते। (Speech that is non-agitating, truthful, pleasant, and beneficial is called verbal austerity).


    • Q: उपदेशप्राप्तये त्रयः उपायाः के भवन्ति? (What are the three means to receive instruction/knowledge?)

      • Ans: उपदेशप्राप्तये प्रणिपातः (नमस्कारः), परिप्रश्नः, सेवा च त्रयः उपायाः सन्ति। (Prostration, questioning, and service are the three means).


    • Q: जनः कथं प्रणश्यति? (How does a person perish?)

      • Ans: बुद्धिनाशात् जनः प्रणश्यति। (A person perishes due to the destruction of the intellect).


    7. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)

    A. Case Usage (Vibhakti Prayoga)

    • Saptami (Locative) for Base/Context: 

      • दुःखेषु अनुद्विग्नमनाः (Unagitated in sorrows).

      • सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः (Desireless in pleasures).


    • Panchami (Ablative) for Cause/Origin: 

      • क्रोधात् भवति सम्मोहः (Delusion happens from anger).

      • सम्मोहात् स्मृतिविभ्रमः (From delusion...).

      • स्मृतिभ्रंशात् बुद्धिनाशः (From memory loss...).


    B. Gender Change (Ling Parivartan)

    • Masculine -> Feminine (Matup/Vatup Suffixes): 


      • श्रद्धावान् -> श्रद्धावती

      • बुद्धिमान् -> बुद्धिमती

      • गुणवान् -> गुणवती

      • आयुष्मान् -> आयुष्मती

      • श्रीमान् -> श्रीमती


    C. Gita Facts (Yogyatavistarah)

    • Author: Maharishi Vedavyasa.

    • Source: Mahabharata, Bhishma Parva.

    • Structure: 18 Chapters, 700 Shlokas.

    • Context: Dialogue between Krishna and Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra.

    About BhashaLab


    BhashaLab is a dynamic platform dedicated to the exploration and mastery of languages - operating both online and offline. Aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the National Credit Framework (NCrF), we offer language education that emphasizes measurable learning outcomes and recognized, transferable credits.


    We offer:

    1. NEP alligned offline language courses for degree colleges - English, Sanskrit, Marathi and Hindi

    2. NEP alligned offline language courses for schools - English, Sanskrit, Marathi and Hindi

    3. Std VIII, IX and X - English and Sanskrit Curriculum Tuitions - All boards

    4. International English Olympiad Tuitions - All classes

    5. Basic and Advanced English Grammar - Offline and Online - Class 3 and above

    6. English Communication Skills for working professionals, adults and students - Offline and Online


    Contact: +91 86577 20901, +91 97021 12044


     
     
     

    Comments

    bottom of page