3.4.The Two Gentlemen of Verona - My English Book - Std 8 - Marathi and Semi-English Medium - Maharashtra Board

SECTION 1 — Chapter Information / पाठ परिचय

मराठी टीप: हा पाठ शालेय परीक्षेत येतो. हे पाठ्यपुस्तक इयत्ता ८ वी साठी आहे — MSBSHSE च्या मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वांनुसार तयार केलेले.

SECTION 2 — About the Author / लेखक परिचय

A.J. Cronin is the writer of this touching story. He has very well carved the idea of selfless help in this chapter. He also explains the importance of dedication towards relationships. Through this story, he shows that war can destroy homes, but it cannot shake the spirit of noble and gentle human beings.  

मराठी टीप: ए. जे. क्रोनिन यांनी या कथेतून निस्वार्थ मदत आणि नात्यांबद्दलची निष्ठा (dedication) याचे महत्त्व अत्यंत सोप्या शब्दांत समजावून सांगितले आहे.

SECTION 4 — Summary / सारांश

The story revolves around two young boys named Nicola and Jacopo. The narrator first meets them selling wild strawberries and later sees them shining shoes. He is amazed to learn that they do numerous things to earn money. One day, he gives them a lift to a nearby village, Poleta. There, he secretly discovers that the boys are working hard and starving themselves to pay for their sister's tuberculosis treatment, as their parents and home were destroyed in the war.  

मराठी सारांश: ही कथा निकोला आणि जॅकोपो या दोन लहान भावांची आहे. युद्धात घर आणि वडील गमावल्यानंतर, ते आपल्या आजारी बहिणीच्या उपचारांसाठी खूप कष्ट करतात. त्यांची ही निस्वार्थ सेवा आणि जिद्द लेखकाला खूप प्रभावित करते.

SECTION 5 — Characters / पात्रे

Nicola and Jacopo: They are two young brothers who do numerous things to earn money. They are innocent, serious, pleasant, and earnest. They work very hard, live in a shelter, and literally starve only to pay for their sister's medical treatment. मराठी टीप: हे दोन्ही भाऊ खूप कष्टाळू आणि निरागस आहेत. ते आपल्या आजारी बहिणीसाठी स्वतः उपाशी राहून खूप मेहनत करतात.  

The Narrator: He is a kind and helpful man who develops a soft corner for the boys in his heart. He helps them by buying their biggest basket of fruits and giving them a lift to Poleta. He respects their privacy and does not intrude when they meet their sister. मराठी टीप: लेखक खूप दयाळू आहेत. ते मुलांना फळे विकत घेऊन आणि गाडीतून सोडून मदत करतात, पण त्यांच्या खाजगी आयुष्यात ढवळाढवळ करत नाहीत.  

SECTION 6 — Central Theme and Values / केंद्रीय भाव आणि मूल्ये

6A. Theme Table / विषय सारणी

6B. Values / मूल्ये

• Hard Work (कठोर परिश्रम) — The boys do numerous odd jobs like shining shoes and selling newspapers on stormy nights.  

• Responsibility (जबाबदारी) — The young brothers take full responsibility for their sick sister's hospital treatment.  

6C. Central Message / केंद्रीय संदेश

This story distinctly talks about how true the amplification says: 'Where there is will there's a way'. मराठी टीप: 'इच्छा तिथे मार्ग' हा सुविचार या पाठातून अगदी स्पष्ट होतो.  

SECTION 7 — Vocabulary in Context / शब्दसंग्रह

SECTION 8 — Practice Questions / सराव प्रश्न

Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions (Types 1 to 6):

TYPE 1 — True/False (1M each · 5 questions)

1. State True or False: 'The narrator met the boys in a hospital first.' Answer: False. 2. State True or False: 'The brothers were selling wild strawberries.' Answer: True.

3. State True or False: 'The driver encouraged the narrator to buy the fruits.' Answer: False.

4. State True or False: 'The narrator bought the biggest basket of strawberries.' Answer: True.

5. State True or False: 'The next day, the boys were found shining shoes.' Answer: True. मराठी टीप: उताऱ्यातील माहितीवरूनच उत्तर द्या. (True म्हणजे बरोबर, False म्हणजे चूक).  

TYPE 2 — Choose the Correct Alternative (1M each · 5 questions)  

1. Where was the narrator driving down? a) To the beach b) Down the foothills of the Alps c) To Poleta d) To a hospital

Answer: b

2. What were the brothers selling when first encountered? a) Shoes b) Books c) Wild strawberries d) Newspapers

Answer: c

3. Who forbade the narrator to buy the fruits? a) The nurse b) The driver c) The boys d) The sister Answer: b

4. What did the boys do the next day in the public square? a) Shining shoes b) Selling strawberries c) Sleeping d) Crying Answer: a

5. The scene emphasizes the growing ________ between the narrator and the boys. a) Hatred b) Intimacy c) Anger d) Distance

Answer: b

मराठी टीप: चुकीचे पर्याय गाळून उताऱ्यात दिलेली अचूक माहिती निवडा.  

TYPE 3 — Answer in One Word/Phrase (1M each · 4 questions)

1. Who encounters the two brothers? Answer: The narrator.

2. What kind of strawberries were the boys selling? Answer: Wild strawberries.

3. Which size of basket did the narrator buy? Answer: The biggest basket.

4. Where were the boys shining shoes? Answer: In the public square. मराठी टीप: उत्तर एका शब्दात किंवा वाक्यांशात द्या. पूर्ण वाक्य लिहिण्याची गरज नाही.  

TYPE 4 — Complete the Sentences (1M each · 4 questions)

1. Complete the sentence: 'The story begins with the narrator driving down the foothills of the ________.' Answer: Alps

2. Complete the sentence: 'Even after the driver ________ the narrator to buy the wild fruits...' Answer: forbids

3. Complete the sentence: '...he buys the biggest basket and drives towards the ________.' Answer: town

4. Complete the sentence: 'This amazes the ________.' Answer: narrator मराठी टीप: उताऱ्यात काळजीपूर्वक शोधून रिकाम्या जागी योग्य तोच शब्द भरा.  

TYPE 5 — Answer in 2-3 Sentences (2M each · 5 questions)

1. Where did the narrator first meet the two brothers and what were they doing? Answer: The narrator first met the two brothers while driving down the foothills of the Alps. At that time, the boys were selling wild strawberries. मराठी टीप: लेखक मुलांना पहिल्यांदा कुठे भेटले आणि मुले काय करत होती, हे दोन मुद्दे लिहा.

2. How did the narrator help the boys on the first day?

Answer: Even though his driver forbade him, the narrator bought the biggest basket of wild fruits from the boys. This kind act was the first step of their growing intimacy. मराठी टीप: ड्रायव्हरने मनाई करूनही लेखकाने फळांची सर्वात मोठी टोपली विकत घेतली, हे सांगा.

3. What amazed the narrator the next day?

Answer: The next day, the narrator saw the same two boys in the public square. He was amazed to find them shining shoes to earn money. मराठी टीप: दुसऱ्या दिवशी तीच मुले बूट पॉलिश करताना दिसली, यामुळे लेखकाला आश्चर्य वाटले.

4. Why did the boys wish to visit the village Poleta? (From chapter)

Answer: The boys wanted to visit the nearby village Poleta because their sick sister was admitted to a hospital there. They went there to pay for her tuberculosis treatment. मराठी टीप: त्यांची आजारी बहीण पोलेटा गावच्या हॉस्पिटलमध्ये होती, म्हणून ते तिथे गेले.

5. What did the narrator find out from the nurse? (From chapter)

Answer: The nurse told the narrator a heart-rending story about the boys. She revealed that their father was killed in a war, their home was destroyed, and their sister suffered from tuberculosis. मराठी टीप: नर्सने लेखकाला मुलांच्या वडिलांचा मृत्यू आणि बहिणीचा आजार याबद्दलची दुःखद कथा सांगितली.  

TYPE 6 — Answer in 4-5 Sentences (3M each · 3 questions)

1. Describe the hardships faced by Nicola and Jacopo. (From chapter) Answer: Nicola and Jacopo faced terrible hardships because their father was killed in a war and their home was destroyed. To make things worse, their sister suffered from tuberculosis of the spine. To pay for her costly treatment, the boys did numerous odd jobs. They shined shoes, sold newspapers on stormy nights, lived in a shelter, and literally starved themselves. मराठी टीप: १. युद्धात वडील आणि घर गमावले. २. बहिणीला टीबीचा आजार. ३. उपचारांसाठी बूट पॉलिश, पेपर विकणे अशी अनेक कामे केली. ४. स्वतः उपाशी राहिले, हे मुद्दे लिहा.

2. How does the story prove the proverb "Where there is a will there's a way"? (From chapter) Answer: The boys had lost everything in the war, but they had a very strong will to save their sick sister. They did not beg for help, but worked extremely hard by doing numerous odd jobs. They lived in a shelter and literally starved just so they could pay her medical bills. Their intense dedication clearly shows that if you truly want to achieve something, you will always find a way. मराठी टीप: सर्वस्व गमावूनही बहिणीला वाचवण्याची त्यांची प्रबळ इच्छा (will) होती. त्यांनी भीक न मागता कष्ट करून मार्ग (way) काढला, हे उदाहरणासह स्पष्ट करा.

3. What kind of relationship did the narrator share with the two boys? (From chapter) Answer: The narrator developed a soft corner in his heart for the boys because they were innocent, serious, and earnest. He felt a growing intimacy with them and helped them by buying their fruits. He also kindly gave them a lift to the village Poleta. Out of great respect for their feelings, he did not intrude on their private meeting with their sister. मराठी टीप: लेखकाला मुलांबद्दल आपुलकी वाटली. त्याने फळे विकत घेऊन आणि गाडीतून सोडून त्यांना मदत केली, पण त्यांच्या खाजगी आयुष्यात ढवळाढवळ केली नाही.  

TYPE 7 — Word Meanings / Vocabulary in Context (1M each · 5 questions)

1. The word 'encounter' means... Answer: meet face to face unexpectedly. मराठी अर्थ: अचानक भेटणे. मराठी टीप: लेखक आणि मुलांची अचानक भेट झाली, यासाठी हा शब्द आला आहे.

2. The word 'forbids' means... Answer: disallows. मराठी अर्थ: मनाई करणे. मराठी टीप: ड्रायव्हरने लेखकाला फळे घेण्यास मनाई केली होती.

3. The word 'intruding' means... Answer: coming to a place where one is uninvited. मराठी अर्थ: न बोलावता जाणे / ढवळाढवळ करणे. मराठी टीप: लेखकाने मुलांच्या आणि बहिणीच्या भेटीत ढवळाढवळ केली नाही.

4. The word 'resembles' means... Answer: have a similar appearance. मराठी अर्थ: च्यासारखे दिसणे. मराठी टीप: ती मुलगी (बहीण) त्या दोन मुलांसारखीच दिसत होती.

5. The phrase 'heart rending' means... Answer: causing great sorrow. मराठी अर्थ: हृदयद्रावक / खूप दुःखद. मराठी टीप: नर्सने सांगितलेली मुलांची कथा खूप दुःखद होती.  

TYPE 8 — Personal Response (2M each · 2 questions)

1. If the narrator offered the boys a large amount of cash, would they have accepted it? Say why or why not.

Answer: I do not think the boys would have accepted the cash. They were very proud and hardworking, choosing to do numerous things to earn money rather than taking free help. They wanted to pay for their sister's treatment with their own honest earnings.

मराठी टीप: 'नाही, त्यांनी पैसे घेतले नसते', असे लिहून, ते स्वाभिमानी आणि कष्टाळू होते हे कारण द्या.

2. What do you learn from Nicola and Jacopo?

Answer: I learn the true meaning of selfless help and dedication towards relationships from Nicola and Jacopo. Their story teaches me that no matter how difficult the situation is, hard work and a strong will can help us overcome any problem.

मराठी टीप: निस्वार्थ प्रेम, कुटुंबाप्रती जबाबदारी आणि संकटातही हार न मानण्याची वृत्ती आपण त्यांच्याकडून शिकतो, हे साध्या इंग्रजीत लिहा. 

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