Active & Passive Voice | SSC Banking UPSC CAT Grammar | BhashaLab
- 5 days ago
- 18 min read
Updated: 2 days ago
Section 1 – What is Voice and Why Should You Care?
Imagine you are sitting in the exam hall, the countdown timer is flashing red, and you come across a high-scoring sentence transformation question. In a hurry, your brain mixes up the rules of Direct–Indirect Speech with Active–Passive Voice. You back-shift the tense, choose an incorrect option, and lose crucial marks on a question that should have taken you five seconds.
This is exactly where thousands of aspirants stumble every single year. Active and Passive Voice is not about memorizing complex, dry formulas to please a textbook author. It is a vital structural tool that changes the focus of your sentence. In plain English, Voice is a structural grammatical attribute that indicates whether the subject of a sentence is the active performer of the action (Active Voice) or the passive receiver of that action (Passive Voice). Transforming a sentence shifts the focus from who did the deed to what was affected by it, requiring a mandatory restructuring of the auxiliary verb cluster followed invariably by the past participle ($V_3$).
💬 BhashaLab Grammar Capsule: Voice को हिंदी व्याकरण में 'वाच्य' कहा जाता है। Active Voice (कर्तृवाच्य) में वाक्य का मुख्य ध्यान काम करने वाले कर्ता (Subject) पर होता है (जैसे: "राहुल ने पत्र लिखा")। Passive Voice (कर्मवाच्य) में पूरा ध्यान काम के असर को झेलने वाले कर्म (Object) पर शिफ्ट हो जाता है (जैसे: "पत्र राहुल द्वारा लिखा गया")। कॉम्पिटिटिव एग्जाम्स में एक्टिव से पैसिव बदलते समय टेन्स (Tense) को कभी बदला नहीं जाता; केवल क्रिया का रूप बदलकर हमेशा $V_3$ हो जाता है।
Section 2 – The Complete Breakdown
Let us look at the core formulas and rules you need to lock down for the exam.
Sub-Topic 2.1: The Tense Transformation Grid (Continuous & Perfect Modifications)
Voice transformation requires shifting the direct object of an active verb into the subject slot of a passive clause. Crucially, the grammatical tense must remain absolutely constant; continuity is preserved by inserting the helper being, while completion is preserved by inserting been, followed invariably by the past participle
💬 BhashaLab Grammar Capsule: एक्टिव से पैसिव वॉइस बदलते समय दो सबसे बड़े नियमों का ध्यान रखना होता है: पहला, वाक्य का टेन्स (Tense) कभी नहीं बदलता (प्रेजेंट का प्रेजेंट ही रहेगा); दूसरा, पैसिव वॉइस में मुख्य क्रिया हमेशा अपने तीसरे रूप में आ जाती है। यदि वाक्य कंटीन्यूअस (Continuous) है, तो रहा/रही का भाव बचाने के लिए हेल्पिंग वर्ब के बाद being जोड़ते हैं; यदि वाक्य परफेक्ट (Perfect) है, तो पूर्णता दिखाने के लिए been जोड़ते हैं।
How to Identify
How to Identify (English) | कैसे पहचानें? (Hindi) |
1. Locate the main action verb and identify the direct object receiving the action. | 1. वाक्य में मुख्य क्रिया (Verb) को देखें और लात खाने वाले ऑब्जेक्ट (Object) को पहचानें। |
2. Shift that target object to the absolute opening position of the new passive clause. | 2. उस ऑब्जेक्ट को उठाकर नए पैसिव वाक्य के सिंहासन (Subject Spot) पर सबसे आगे बिठाएं। |
3. If the active verb has a continuous -ing format, inject the mandatory helper being. | 3. यदि एक्टिव वाक्य कंटीन्यूअस (-ing) फॉर्म में है, तो पैसिव में हेल्पिंग वर्ब के बाद being जोड़ें। |
4. Convert the main action verb directly into its absolute past participle inflection . | 4. मुख्य क्रिया को बिना किसी संकोच के तुरंत उसके तीसरे रूप जैसे written, done) में बदलें। |
Quick Examples Table
Tense Category | Active Voice Structure | Passive Voice Structural Shift | Grammatical Operational Insight |
Simple Present | The clerk updates the logs daily. | The logs are updated by the clerk daily. | Simple present turns into is/am/are + $V_3$. |
Present Continuous | The team is testing the server. | The server is being tested by the team. | Continuous track injects being before $V_3$. |
Present Perfect | The board has signed the blueprint. | The blueprint has been signed by the board. | Perfect track injects been before $V_3$. |
Simple Past | The director approved the funds. | The funds were approved by the director. | Simple past shifts into was/were + $V_3$. |
Past Continuous | The crew was drilling the tunnel. | The tunnel was being drilled by the crew. | Past continuous injects being before $V_3$. |
Simple Future | The firm will launch the asset. | The asset will be launched by the firm. | Future modal shifts into will be + $V_3$. |
The #1 Exam Rule: The Tense Stability Law. You must never back–shift the tense when converting voice. Changing The manager writes a letter into A letter was written is a fatal exam error; it must remain is written to preserve present time.
The Plural Auxiliary Shift: The newly promoted subject dictates the number of the passive helping verb (e.g., The manager is reviewing the files becomes The files are being reviewed...).
Future Continuous and Perfect Continuous Passive Prohibition: The Future Continuous Tense and all three Perfect Continuous Tenses cannot be converted into the passive voice due to auxiliary accumulation clutter.
💡 BhashaLab Tip: Examiners love to trap students by switching the tense from present to past in voice conversion options because your brain is simultaneously studying Direct–Indirect narration rules. Keep this operational boundary locked in your mind: Voice changes structure, Narration changes time!
Sub-Topic 2.2: Imperative Sentences & Modal Auxiliaries
Imperative sentences (commands, requests, advice) and sentences containing modal auxiliaries (can, must, should, may) follow distinct transformation algorithms. Commands shift conventionally into a Let configuration or an ordered/requested frame, while modal clauses maintain the core modal word and attach a baseline be
💬 BhashaLab Grammar Capsule: Imperative Sentences वे वाक्य होते हैं जिनमें कोई आदेश (Command), सलाह (Advice) या अनुरोध (Request) दिया जाता. जब हम किसी सीधे आदेश (जैसे: "दरवाज़ा बंद करो" = Shut the door) का पैसिव बनाते हैं, तो फ़ॉर्मूला चलता है: Let + Object + be (Let the door be shut)। यदि वाक्य में कोई सलाह दी जा रही हो, तो Should be का प्रयोग होता है। मॉडल्स (can, must) वाले वाक्यों में मोडल के बाद बस be जोड़ दिया जाता है।
How to Identify
How to Identify (English) | कैसे पहचानें? (Hindi) |
1. Check if the active sentence opens directly with a base form verb , indicating an Imperative command. | 1. देखें कि क्या एक्टिव वाक्य सीधा क्रिया के पहले रूप से शुरू हो रहा है, जो कि आदेश का संकेत है। |
2. Isolate the target object and apply the standard Let + Object + be + layout for commands. | 2. ऑब्जेक्ट को अलग करें और आदेश होने पर पैसिव का ढांचा Let + Object + be + तुरंत सेट करें। |
3. If words like Please open the line appear, convert the reporting anchor directly to You are requested to. | 3. यदि वाक्य में Please लगा हो, तो पैसिव की शुरुआत सीधे You are requested to से करें और आगे रखें। |
4. Locate modal markers like must or should: ensure they attach a clean be + bridge behind them. | 4. वाक्य में आए मोडल शब्दों (must, can) को देखें: सुनिश्चित करें कि पैसिव में उनके पीछे be + का जोड़ा लगा हो। |
Quick Examples Table
Imperative / Modal Category | Active Voice Layout | Passive Voice Structural Shift | Operational Syntactic Insight |
Absolute Command | Execute the audit immediately. | Let the audit be executed immediately. | Uses the classic structural Let framework. |
Moral Advice | Respect the factory safety codes. | The factory safety codes should be respected. | Advice shifts perfectly into the should be layout. |
Courteous Request | Please submit the server ledger. | You are requested to submit the server ledger. | Please dissolves into You are requested to. |
Modal Capability | The suite can execute calculations. | Calculations can be executed by the suite. | Modal can maps cleanly to can be |
Absolute Obligation | You must preserve the blueprints. | The blueprints must be preserved by you. | Modal must maps cleanly to must be |
Intransitive Command | Go away from the cabin. | You are ordered to go away from the cabin. | Intransitive imperative requires You are ordered to. |
The #1 Exam Rule: The Obligation vs. Command Distinction. If an imperative sentence conveys a raw official command, use the Let structure (Let it be done). If it expresses a moral duty, suggestion, or advice, the Let structure is rejected; you must use the Subject + should + be format instead (e.g., Help the poor The poor should be helped, NOT Let the poor be helped).
Modal Base Invariance: Modal verbs can never change their core spelling or tense during voice transformations. They remain identical and must be followed by a bare continuous base be .
Negative Imperative Splitting: When converting a negative command, the negative marker not must be placed directly between the object and the be helper: Let + Object + not + be + (e.g., Let the weak not be insulted).
Section 3 – The Exam Traps (Don't Fall for These)
Examiners know exactly where your brain takes shortcuts. These are the exact mistakes examiners set every single year to catch you off guard:
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 01: The Intransitive Passive Prohibition
What students think: Since the sentence is in the past, writing He was fallen from the terrace is a perfectly valid passive setup.
Correct answer: He fell from the terrace.
Rule: Intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take a direct object, like fall, laugh, sit, die, occur, vanish, disappear) can never be transformed into the passive voice because there is no object available to promote to the subject position.
Seen in: SSC CGL, IBPS PO
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 02: The Prepositional Phrasal Verb Omission
What students think: The crazy vehicle ran over the pedestrian $\rightarrow$ The pedestrian was run by the crazy vehicle.
Correct answer: The pedestrian was run over by the crazy vehicle.
Rule: When an active verb is part of a phrasal verb unit containing a fixed preposition (look into, laugh at, run over, look after), that fixed preposition must stay tightly glued to the verb in its passive form before the word by is introduced.
Seen in: SSC CHSL, NDA
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 03: The Known To / Married To Preposition Substitution
What students think: Rohan knows the senior consultant $\rightarrow$ The senior consultant is known by Rohan.
Correct answer: The senior consultant is known to Rohan.
Rule: Certain specific verbs reject the standard agent preposition by in their passive configurations. The verb know and marry must strictly interface using the preposition to; please and satisfy use with; surprise and astonish use at.
Seen in: SBI PO, RRB NTPC
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 04: The Hidden / Indefinite Agent Elimination
What students think: Someone stole my laptop ledger yesterday $\rightarrow$ My laptop ledger was stolen by someone yesterday.
Correct answer: My laptop ledger was stolen yesterday.
Rule: When the active subject is an indefinite pronoun or vague agent (someone, somebody, nobody, people, they, police), it is grammatically redundant and clumsy to retain them behind a by modifier in the passive voice. Drop them entirely unless context strictly demands it.
Seen in: UPSC CSAT, IBPS PO
💡 BhashaLab Tip: Examiners love to give options containing "by someone" or "by people" to match your literal translation habits. In formal competitive exams, the option that cleanly drops the vague agent while keeping the tense correct is always the superior choice!
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 05: The Double Object Priority Paradox
What students think: The director gave the secretary a bonus can only have one valid passive form.
Correct answer: The secretary was given a bonus by the director (Preferred) OR A bonus was given to the secretary by the director.
Rule: When an active verb takes both an indirect object (person) and a direct object (thing), two passive forms are legally viable. However, formal examination systems strongly prefer promoting the indirect object (the person) to the subject slot. If you promote the thing, you must add the preposition to before the person.
Seen in: SSC CGL, CDS
⚠️ EXAM TRAP 06: The Let Active Objective Case Mandate
What students think: Let he be allowed to inspect the system logs.
Correct answer: Let him be allowed to inspect the system logs.
Rule: The structural word Let functions natively as a transitive verb, meaning any pronoun positioned immediately behind it must strictly reside in the objective case (him, her, me, them), never the subjective form (he, she, I).
Seen in: IBPS PO, LIC AAO
Section 4 – Solved Examples (Exam Style)
Let us dissect these top real exam style questions to see how these rules work in practice.
Q1. The international trade contract (a) / was signed by the director (b) / late yesterday night via an electronic folder. (c) / No error (d)
Exam Style: SSC CGL Style
Difficulty: Easy
✅ Correct: (d)
Explanation (English): This sentence contains absolutely no grammatical errors. The active action occurred in the past (indicated by yesterday), which means the passive voice must correctly use the simple past passive auxiliary configuration was signed ($was/were + V_3$). The agent preposition by is applied flawlessly.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): यह वाक्य पूरी तरह से शुद्ध है, इसलिए सही विकल्प (d) होगा। वाक्य में कल रात (yesterday) की बात हो रही है यानी टेंस Simple Past है। पैसिव वॉइस के नियम के अनुसार यहाँ was signed ($was/were + V_3$) का प्रयोग किया गया है जो कि बिल्कुल सही है।
Rule tested: Section 2.1 – Simple Past Passive Framework check.
Q2. Select the correct passive transformation of the given sentence:
The senior plant manager is currently reviewing the financial ledger sheets.
Exam Style: SSC CHSL Style
Difficulty: Medium
a) The financial ledger sheets were being reviewed by the senior plant manager currently.
b) The financial ledger sheets are reviewed by the senior plant manager currently.
c) The financial ledger sheets are being reviewed by the senior plant manager currently.
d) The financial ledger sheets have been reviewed by the senior plant manager currently.
✅ Correct: (c)
Explanation (English): The active sentence stands firmly in the Present Continuous Tense (is reviewing). To convert it to passive while keeping the tense constant, we must promote the plural object sheets, change the auxiliary to plural are, inject the continuity helper being, and use the past participle reviewed. Option (c) executes this formula flawlessly. Option (a) incorrectly shifts the tense to past (were), option (b) drops the required continuous aspect, and option (d) changes it to a perfect tense.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): इसका सही उत्तर विकल्प (c) है। एक्टिव वाक्य Present Continuous (is reviewing) में है। पैसिव बनाते समय हमारा पहला नियम है कि टेंस नहीं बदलना चाहिए, इसलिए are ही रहेगा (चूंकि sheets बहुवचन है)। रहा/रही का भाव बचाने के लिए हेल्पिंग वर्ब के बाद being जोड़ना अनिवार्य है, जो केवल विकल्प (c) में सही तरीके से किया गया है।
Rule tested: Section 2.1 – Present Continuous Passive Transformation rule.
Q3. Shut the main operational gate (a) / of the facility immediately (b) / to prevent any security breach. (c) / No error (d)
Exam Style: SSC MTS Style
Difficulty: Easy
✅ Correct: (d)
Explanation (English): This sentence is an active imperative command opening directly with the base form verb Shut ($V_1$). The sentence is completely correct as a standard active command statement.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): यह वाक्य एक्टिव वॉइस में एक सीधा आदेश (Imperative Command) है जो क्रिया की पहली फॉर्म Shut से शुरू हो रहा है। वाक्य पूरी तरह सही है, इसलिए उत्तर (d) होगा। यदि इसका पैसिव बनाना होता, तो हम Let the main operational gate be shut... का प्रयोग करते।
Rule tested: Section 2.2 – Imperative Sentence Core Identification.
Q4. The specialized corporate software application (a) / can be execute complex systemic calculations (b) / in under three milliseconds under heavy data load. (c) / No error (d) / None of these (e)
Exam Style: Banking PO Style
Difficulty: Hard
✅ Correct: (b)
Explanation (English): Part (b) contains a severe structural violation of passive modal architecture. The sentence is framed passively because the software application is the object receiving the action. The modal passive formula dictates Modal + be + V_3. The base verb execute in part (b) must be inflected into its past participle form: can be executed.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): वाक्य के part (b) में एक बहुत ही गंभीर चूक है। यहाँ लिखा है can be execute। ध्यान से देखो बच्चों—यहाँ सॉफ्टवेयर एप्लीकेशन खुद कोई काम नहीं कर रहा, बल्कि उस पर गणनाएं 'की जा रही हैं' (Passive Voice)। नियम यह है कि मोडल पैसिव ढांचे में can be के बाद हमेशा क्रिया का तीसरा रूप यानी $V_3$ आना अनिवार्य है। इसलिए यहाँ execute को बदलकर executed करना होगा।
🇮🇳 BhashaLab Reality Check: बैंकिंग एग्जाम्स में लंबे वाक्यों के बीच में जानबूझकर क्रिया की पहली फॉर्म छिपाकर दी जाती है क्योंकि पढ़ते समय फ्लो में हमारा दिमाग उसे सही मान लेता है। बस एक बात गांठ बांध लो: अगर वाक्य में can be, must be, should be लगा है, तो उसके तुरंत बाद आने वाला शब्द हमेशा $V_3$ ही होगा! मन्त्र याद कर लो—"अगर पैसिव में लगा है be का फेर, तो क्रिया आएगी V_3 के साथ ढेर!"
Q5. The rogue driver was arrested yesterday (a) / after the fragile pedestrian platform (b) / was completely run by the heavy truck. (c) / No error (d) / None of these (e)
Exam Style: Banking Clerk Style
Difficulty: Medium
✅ Correct: (c)
Explanation (English): Part (c) introduces a severe phrasal verb preposition omission error. The active idiom for hitting someone with a vehicle is run over. When transformed into the passive layout, the fixed preposition over must stay tightly glued to the verb before the agent is introduced. The text must be corrected to was completely run over by the heavy truck.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): इसके part (c) में बड़ी भूल है। गाड़ी से कुचलने के मुहावरे को इंग्लिश में run over कहा जाता है। नियम कहता है कि जब किसी Phrasal Verb का पैसिव बनाया जाता है, तो उसके साथ लगा फिक्स प्रिपोजिशन (over) कभी हटाया नहीं जा सकता। वह क्रिया के साथ चिपका रहेगा, इसलिए यहाँ was completely run over लिखना ही सही होगा।
Rule tested: Section 3 – Exception Trap 02 (The Prepositional Phrasal Verb Omission Law).
Q6. Select the grammatically perfect passive layout for the provided statement:
Everyone believes that the newly appointed senior auditor is exceptionally honest.
Exam Style: UPSC CSAT Style
Difficulty: Medium
a) The newly appointed senior auditor is believed to be exceptionally honest by everyone.
b) It is believed that the newly appointed senior auditor is exceptionally honest.
c) It was believed that the newly appointed senior auditor is exceptionally honest.
d) That the newly appointed senior auditor is exceptionally honest is believed.
✅ Correct: (b)
Explanation (English): The active statement opens with a collective mental belief clause Everyone believes that.... The standard formal conversion for this structure replaces the vague opening block with the clean dummy subject framework It is believed that..., leaving the inner universal description clause untouched. Option (a) incorrectly retains the redundant vague agent by everyone, and option (c) improperly changes the tense to past (was). Option (b) is completely immaculate.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): इसका सही उत्तर विकल्प (b) है। जब भी वाक्य की शुरुआत People say या Everyone believes जैसे आम धारणा वाले शब्दों से होती है, तो पैसिव बनाते समय उस हिस्से को सीधे It is believed that... या It is said that... में बदल दिया जाता है और अंदर के मुख्य वाक्य को वैसा ही छोड़ दिया जाता है। चूंकि वाक्य वर्तमान काल में है, इसलिए It is believed वाला विकल्प (b) ही शत-प्रतिशत सही है।
Rule tested: Section 3 – Exception Trap 10 (The It Is Said That... Clonal Frame rule).
Section 5 – Common Errors Indian Students Make
Here are the most relatable error pairs caused primarily by mother-tongue interference. Watch out for these:
ERROR TYPE: Ungrammatical Tense Back-Shifting in Voice Conversions
❌ Wrong: The core logistics team was updated the system logs meticulously yesterday.
✅ Correct: The system logs were updated by the core logistics team meticulously yesterday.
Why: The active statement is in the Simple Past Tense (updated). To make it passive, you must promote the plural object logs and match it with the past passive auxiliary track were updated. Writing was updated with a plural subject is an error.
💬 Hindi: छात्र अक्सर एक्टिव से पैसिव वॉइस बदलते समय नरेशन के नियमों से भ्रमित हो जाते हैं और टेंस बदलने की कोशिश करते हैं। याद रखें, वॉइस में समय कभी पीछे नहीं खिसकता। अगर काम पास्ट में हुआ है, तो बहुवचन ऑब्जेक्ट के अनुसार केवल were + $V_3$ का ही नियम लगेगा।
Seen in: SSC CGL, RRB NTPC
ERROR TYPE: Fixed Preposition Omission on Phrasal Passive Verbs
❌ Wrong: The senior management committee was laughed by the disgruntled workers.
✅ Correct: The senior management committee was laughed at by the disgruntled workers.
Why: The active phrasal verb is laugh at. When transformed into the passive voice, omitting the fixed preposition at destroys the integrity of the verb phrase. Keep at glued right before by.
💬 Hindi: हमारी यह भूल इसलिए होती है क्योंकि हम सोचते हैं कि पैसिव वॉइस में by आ गया तो बाकी प्रिपोजिशन्स हटा देने चाहिए। याद रखो बच्चों, अगर कोई शब्द फिक्स प्रिपोजिशन लेकर आया है (जैसे: laugh at, look into), तो वह प्रिपोजिशन पैसिव में भी क्रिया के साथ चिपका रहेगा।
Seen in: NDA, CDS, CUET
ERROR TYPE: Invalid Agent Preposition Stacking with Known
❌ Wrong: The newly appointed operations consultant is highly known by the board.
✅ Correct: The newly appointed operations consultant is highly known to the board.
Why: The verb know is a specific legal exception that rejects the agent preposition by in its passive voice format. It must strictly interface using the preposition to.
💬 Hindi: हम आँख बंद करके हर पैसिव वाक्य के अंत में "द्वारा" के लिए by लगाने के आदी होते हैं। लेकिन सावधान! इंग्लिश में कुछ विशेष क्रियाएं हैं जो by को स्वीकार नहीं करतीं। Known के बाद हमेशा केवल to का ही जोड़ा सही माना जाएगा।
Seen in: SSC CHSL, Bank Clerical
ERROR TYPE: Subjective Case Pronoun Placement After Let
❌ Wrong: Let he be assigned the confidential financial auditing task immediately.
✅ Correct: Let him be assigned the confidential financial auditing task immediately.
Why: The structural imperative word Let operates natively as a transitive verb. According to pronoun syntax rules, any pronoun following a transitive verb must strictly stand in the objective case.
💬 Hindi: छात्र सोचते हैं कि आगे काम होने वाला है तो सब्जेक्टिव रूप he सही होगा। नियम याद रख लो: शब्द Let के तुरंत बाद कभी भी I, He, She, They जैसे शब्दों का प्रयोग नहीं हो सकता; वहाँ हमेशा केवल me, him, her, them (Objective Case) ही आएगा।
Seen in: IBPS PO, SBI PO
ERROR TYPE: Retaining Redundant Vague Agents in Formal Layouts
❌ Wrong: The central server room lock was compromised by someone during the night.
✅ Correct: The central server room lock was compromised during the night.
Why: Retaining an indefinite, unknown pronoun like by someone adds zero structural or semantic value to a passive sentence, making it redundant and stylistically weak in competitive tests.
💬 Hindi: जब ताला तोड़ने वाले का नाम किसी को पता ही नहीं है (someone), तो पैसिव वॉइस में अलग से "किसी के द्वारा" लिखना समय और शब्द दोनों की बर्बादी है। औपचारिक परीक्षाओं में इस अज्ञात एजेंट को पूरी तरह से हटा देना ही सही माना जाता है।
Seen in: LIC AAO, SSC CGL
Section 6 – Previous Year Questions — Test Yourself
These questions have actually appeared in competitive exams. Try each one before reading the answer.
1. Rohan knows the senior consultant
a) The senior consultant is known by Rohan.
b) The senior consultant was known to Rohan.
c) The senior consultant is known to Rohan.
d) The senior consultant has been known by Rohan.
Answer: c
Explanation (English): The active sentence uses the simple present tense verb knows. In the passive voice, the verb know strictly requires the preposition to instead of by, making option (c) the only correct choice.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): यह वाक्य प्रेजेंट टेंस में है, इसलिए पैसिव में is known आएगा। चूंकि know के साथ हमेशा to प्रिपोजिशन का नियम काम करता है, इसलिए सही विकल्प (c) है।
2. The crazy vehicle ran over the pedestrian
a) The pedestrian was run by the crazy vehicle.
b) The pedestrian was run over by the crazy vehicle.
c) The pedestrian had been run over by the crazy vehicle.
d) The pedestrian is run over by the crazy vehicle.
Answer: b
Explanation (English): The sentence is in the simple past tense, requiring was/were . The phrasal verb ran over must retain its fixed preposition over before the agent phrase by, which is properly done in option (b).
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): वाक्य पास्ट टेंस में है, इसलिए was run over आएगा। Phrasal Verb का over अपनी जगह से नहीं हिलेगा, इसलिए सही विकल्प (b) होगा।
3. Someone stole my laptop ledger yesterday
a) My laptop ledger was stolen by someone yesterday.
b) My laptop ledger had been stolen yesterday.
c) My laptop ledger was stolen yesterday.
d) My laptop ledger is stolen yesterday.
Answer: c
Explanation (English): In formal active–passive conversions, vague indefinite pronouns like someone are redundant and must be omitted in the passive format. Option (c) perfectly maintains the simple past passive without the redundant agent.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): जब कर्ता अज्ञात (someone) हो, तो पैसिव में by someone नहीं लिखा जाता। पास्ट टेंस को संभालते हुए सही विकल्प (c) बनता है।
4. The director gave the secretary a bonus
a) A bonus was given to the secretary by the director.
b) The secretary was given a bonus by the director.
c) The secretary is given a bonus by the director.
d) Both a and b are acceptable, but b is highly preferred in formal exams.
Answer: d
Explanation (English): This sentence contains a double object setup. While both structural paths are technically legal, formal examination frameworks strongly prioritize promoting the indirect object (the person—secretary) to the subject slot.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): इस वाक्य में दो ऑब्जेक्ट्स हैं। नियम के मुताबिक व्यक्ति (secretary) को आगे लाकर बनाया गया पैसिव रूप (b) परीक्षाओं में सबसे सही माना जाता है।
5. Let he be allowed to inspect the system logs.
a) Let him be allowed to inspect the system logs.
b) Let he is allowed to inspect the system logs.
c) Let him allowed to inspect the system logs.
d) He should be allowed to inspect the system logs.
Answer: a
Explanation (English): The word Let mandates the absolute use of an objective case pronoun immediately following it. Changing he to him satisfies this foundational syntax constraint.
समभाएं (Hindi – Std 8 level): शब्द Let के तुरंत बाद केवल ऑब्जेक्टिव केस यानी him ही आ सकता है। इस नियम से सही वाक्य केवल विकल्प (a) ही बनता है।
Section 7 – Practice Worksheet
To cement your understanding, we have put together a comprehensive, level–wise practice test. This interactive drill contains 20 carefully curated questions covering all difficulty levels with instant answer checking to test your transformation speed.
[PRACTICE WORKSHEET WILL BE EMBEDDED HERE]
Section 8 – Exam-wise Quick Strategy
Here is a quick breakdown of how to approach this topic depending on the specific exam you are targetting:
SSC (CGL / CHSL / MTS): Expect direct, speed–based transformation drills. Focus heavily on mastering the formula grids in Section 2.1, watch out for sneaky tense back–shifting options, and aim to solve each question in under 15 seconds.
Banking (IBPS PO / SBI PO / Clerk): Direct conversions are rare here; instead, voice is tested through multi–concept error detection and cloze tests. Watch out for hidden object omissions and incorrect placements behind complex modal verbs.
UPSC / CAT / CLAT: Focus intensely on structural precision and semantic relational logic within long, multi–clause passages. Pay special attention to hidden indefinite agents, sensory verb infinitives, and complex reporting frames.
Defence / Railways / State PSC: Expect standard objective rule–tracing problems and direct imperative conversions. Master the negative imperative layout and the strict phrasal verb preposition boundaries to score full marks.
For the complete exam–wise strategy guide, download our full PDF notes on this topic — link below.
Want the complete premium notes for this topic?
📥 Download our full PDF — 6,000+ words covering every rule, all exam traps, 50+ practice questions, and bilingual explanations.
Check all our courses and study material at:
Reach us at:
📞 +91 86577 20901 | +91 72084 80591
Comments