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    9. कोऽरुक्? कोऽरुक्? कोऽरुक्? - Ko'ruk? Ko'ruk? Ko'ruk? - Class 8 - Deepakam

    • Jan 31
    • 6 min read

    Updated: Feb 4

    1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)


    English Summary:

    This chapter focuses on the importance of proper diet and health according to Ayurveda. It begins with a mother advising her daughter not to eat very hot food, citing Ayurvedic principles. To explain further, she narrates a story about Dhanvantari, the God of Medicine.

    Once, Dhanvantari took the form of a parrot to test the physicians (Vaidyas) on earth. He visited many famous doctors and asked, "Ko'ruk? Ko'ruk? Ko'ruk?" (Who is healthy? Who is disease-free?). Most doctors prescribed various medicines and treatments, which disappointed the parrot. Finally, he reached the ashram of the great sage Vagbhata. When asked the same question, Vagbhata replied: "Hitabhuk, Mitabhuk, Ritabhuk". This means one who eats beneficial food, moderate food, and food according to the season remains healthy. Satisfied with this answer, Dhanvantari blessed him.

    The chapter also categorizes food into three types based on the Bhagavad Gita: Sattvika (promotes health and peace), Rajasika (causes pain and disease), and Tamasika (stale and harmful). It concludes with golden rules for eating to maintain good health.


    Moral (Sandesh):

    Health does not come from medicine alone but from a disciplined diet. "We are what we eat." To remain healthy, we must eat beneficial, moderate, and seasonal food.


    2. Sentence-by-Sentence Translation (Anuvad)

    Sanskrit Text (Split Sandhis)

    English Translation

    (माता पुत्र्योः संवादः)

    (Dialogue between Mother and Daughter)

    पुत्री - अम्ब! महती बुभुक्षा बाधते, शीघ्रं भोजनं परिवेषयतु।

    Daughter: Mother! Great hunger is troubling me, please serve food quickly.

    माता - वत्से! भोजनम् अत्युष्णम् अस्ति, किञ्चित् प्रतीक्षस्व।

    Mother: Child! The food is very hot, wait a little.

    पुत्री - उष्णं भोजनं किमर्थं न ददाति?

    Daughter: Why do you not give hot food?

    माता - मुखे दाहः भवेत्, अपि च 'अत्युष्णं भोजनं हितकरं न भवति' इति आयुर्वेदस्य उपदेशः।

    Mother: The mouth might burn, and moreover, "Very hot food is not beneficial," is the advice of Ayurveda.

    (कथा - The Story)


    पुरा भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः मनोहरं शुकरूपं धृत्वा प्रतिग्रामम् अभ्रमत्।

    In ancient times, Lord Dhanvantari, assuming the form of a beautiful parrot, wandered from village to village.

    सः वैद्यानां भवनपार्श्वस्थे वृक्षे उपविश्य रटति स्म - 'कोऽरुक्, कोऽरुक्, कोऽरुक्' इति।

    Sitting on a tree near the doctors' houses, he used to chant - "Who is healthy? Who is healthy? Who is healthy?"

    वैद्याः विविधौषधानां नामानि वदन्ति स्म।

    The doctors used to say the names of various medicines.

    एकः वदति - "यः च्यवनप्राशं खादति", अपरः वदति - "यः लशुनादिवटीं खादति" सः अरुक् भवति।

    One says - "He who eats Chyavanprash," another says - "He who eats garlic pills," he becomes healthy.

    शुकरूपी धन्वन्तरिः नैराश्यं प्राप्य ततः अगच्छत्।

    Dhanvantari in the form of a parrot, attaining disappointment, went from there.

    अन्ते सः वाग्भटस्य आश्रमं प्राप्तवान्।

    Finally, he reached Vagbhata's ashram.

    वाग्भटः स्नानार्थं नदीं गच्छन् आसीत्। शुकः तं पुनः अपृच्छत् - 'कोऽरुक्'?

    Vagbhata was going to the river for a bath. The parrot asked him again - "Who is healthy?"

    वाग्भटः अवदत् - "हितभुक्, मितभुक्, ऋतभुक्" इति।

    Vagbhata said - "(One who is) Hitabhuk, Mitabhuk, Ritabhuk."

    शुकः पुनः अवदत् - "को हितभुक्? को मितभुक्? कश्च ऋतभुक्?"

    The parrot asked again - "Who is Hitabhuk? Who is Mitabhuk? And who is Ritabhuk?"

    वाग्भटः उत्तरं दत्तवान् - "यः हितकरं भोजनं करोति, यः परिमितं भोजनं करोति, यः ऋत्वनुसारं भोजनं करोति सः एव अरुक् (निरोगी) भवति" इति।

    Vagbhata gave the answer - "He who eats beneficial food, he who eats limited (moderate) food, he who eats according to the season, he alone is Aruk (healthy)."

    एतत् श्रुत्वा सः शुकः - "अयं एव संसारस्य सर्वश्रेष्ठः वैद्यः" इति मत्वा तस्य स्कन्धे उपविश्य तस्मै आशीर्वादं दत्तवान्।

    Hearing this, that parrot thought - "This alone is the world's best doctor," and sitting on his shoulder, gave him blessings.

    3. Shloka Analysis


    Definition of Health (Vagbhata's Answer)

    हितभुक् मितभुक् ऋतभुक्।

    • Hitabhuk (हितभुक्): One who eats food that is beneficial for the body (wholesome).

    • Mitabhuk (मितभुक्): One who eats in moderation (neither too much nor too little).

    • Ritabhuk (ऋतभुक्): One who eats food appropriate for the changing seasons (e.g., cooling foods in summer).


    Types of Food (Bhagavad Gita 17.8-10)

    1. Sattvika Aharah (सात्त्विकः आहारः):

      • आयुःसत्त्वबलारोग्यसुखप्रीतिविवर्धनाः।

      • रस्याः स्निग्धाः स्थिरा हृद्या आहाराः सात्त्विकप्रियाः॥

      • Meaning: Foods that increase life, purity, strength, health, happiness, and cheerfulness; which are juicy, fatty (wholesome oils/ghee), substantial, and pleasing to the heart, are dear to the Sattvic people.


    2. Rajasika Aharah (राजसिकः आहारः):

      • कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः।

      • आहारा राजसस्येष्टा दुःखशोकामयप्रदाः॥

      • Meaning: Foods that are bitter, sour, salty, very hot, pungent, dry, and burning; are dear to the Rajasic people and cause pain, grief, and disease.


    3. Tamasika Aharah (तामसिकः आहारः):

      • यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत्।

      • उच्छिष्टमपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम्॥

      • Meaning: Food that is stale (cooked 3 hours before), tasteless, putrid, leftover, and impure is dear to the Tamasic people.


    4. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)

    1. कोऽरुक् (Ko'ruk) = Who is healthy? (कः + अरुक् / कः निरोगी)

    2. अरुक् (Aruk) = Disease-free / Healthy (रोगरहितः)

    3. बुभुक्षा (Bubhuksha) = Hunger (भोजनस्य इच्छा)

    4. परिवेषयतु (Pariveshayatu) = Serve (food) (भोजनं ददातु)

    5. हितभुक् (Hitabhuk) = One who eats beneficial food (हितकरं भोजनं खादति यः)

    6. मितभुक् (Mitabhuk) = One who eats moderately (परिमितं भोजनं खादति यः)

    7. ऋतभुक् (Ritabhuk) = One who eats according to season (ऋत्वनुसारं भोजनं खादति यः)

    8. यातयामम् (Yatayamam) = Stale / Cooked three hours ago (प्रहरपूर्वपक्वं भोजनम्)

    9. वीर्यम् (Viryam) = Potency / Nutrition (शक्तिः)

    10. निरामयः (Niramayah) = Healthy (रोगहीनः)


    5. Competency-Based Assessment

    A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

    Sentence

    Question

    Explanation

    धन्वन्तरिः शुकरूपं धृत्वा अभ्रमत्।

    कः शुकरूपं धृत्वा अभ्रमत्?

    Used 'Kah' for Masculine Singular subject.

    सः वाग्भटस्य आश्रमं गच्छति।

    सः कस्य आश्रमं गच्छति?

    Used 'Kasya' for Masculine Genitive Singular.

    भोजनं हितकरं भवेत्।

    भोजनं कीदृशं भवेत्?

    Used 'Kidrisham' for Neuter Adjective.

    अत्युष्णं भोजनं न खादितव्यम्।

    कीदृशं भोजनं न खादितव्यम्?

    Used 'Kidrisham' for the quality of food.

    आयुर्वेदस्य उपदेशः अस्ति।

    कस्य उपदेशः अस्ति?

    Used 'Kasya' for Genitive Singular.

    B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)


    1. Question: In "सः मनोहरं शुकरूपं धृत्वा", what is the Visheshan (Adjective)?

      • Answer: मनोहरम् (Manoharam)

      • Explanation: It describes the noun 'Shukarupam' (Parrot form).


    2. Question: In "वैद्याः औषधानां नामानि वदन्ति स्म", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

      • Answer: वदन्ति स्म (Vadanti sma)

      • Explanation: It means 'used to say'.


    3. Question: Write the synonym for "निरोगी" from the text.

      • Answer: अरुक् (Aruk)

      • Explanation: Used repeatedly in the question 'Ko'ruk'.


    4. Question: Write the antonym for "शीतलम्" (Cold) from the text.

      • Answer: उष्णम् / अत्युष्णम् (Ushnam)

      • Explanation: The mother warns against 'Atyushnam' (Very hot) food.


    6. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

    A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

    • Q: 'कोऽरुक्' इति कः पृच्छति स्म? (Who used to ask 'Who is healthy'?)

      • Ans: शुकः / धन्वन्तरिः (The Parrot / Dhanvantari).


    • Q: शुकः कस्य स्कन्धे उपविशति? (On whose shoulder does the parrot sit?)

      • Ans: वाग्भटस्य (On Vagbhata's).


    • Q: कीदृशं भोजनं सात्त्विकप्रियम् अस्ति? (What kind of food is dear to Sattvic people?)

      • Ans: रस्यं / स्निग्धं / स्थिरम् (Juicy / Fatty / Substantial).


    • Q: भोजनं कदा विषप्रदं भवति? (When does food become poisonous - implied context of overeating/wrong time?)

      • Ans: अजीर्णे (In indigestion) / भोजनान्ते वारि (Water at the end of meal - Subhashita).


    B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)


    • Q: वाग्भटः शुकस्य प्रश्नस्य किं उत्तरं ददाति? (What answer does Vagbhata give to the parrot's question?)

      • Ans: वाग्भटः उत्तरं ददाति - "हितभुक्, मितभुक्, ऋतभुक्" इति। (Vagbhata answers - One who eats beneficial, moderate, and seasonal food).


    • Q: तामसिकं भोजनं कीदृशं भवति? (How is Tamasic food?)

      • Ans: तामसिकं भोजनं यातयामं (बासी), गतरसं (neerasa), पूति (durgandhyukta), पर्युषितं च भवति। (Tamasic food is stale, tasteless, foul-smelling, and leftover).


    • Q: जनाः कदा रोगिणः भवन्ति? (When do people become sick?)

      • Ans: यदा जनाः अहितकरं, अपरिमितं, ऋतु-विपरीतं च भोजनं कुर्वन्ति तदा ते रोगिणः भवन्ति। (When people eat unwholesome, immoderate, and unseasonal food, they become sick).


    7. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)

    A. Sandhi (Joining/Splitting)

    1. कोऽरुक् = कः + अरुक् (Visarga - Utvam + Purvarupa).

    2. विभिन्नानां व्याधीनाम् (No sandhi, just case agreement).

    3. नास्ति = न + अस्ति (Dirgha).

    4. इत्युक्त्वा = इति + उक्त्वा (Yan Sandhi).

    5. चैकः = च + एकः (Vriddhi Sandhi).


    B. Suffixes (Pratyaya)

    • धृत्वा = धृ + क्त्वा (Having held/assumed).

    • उपविश्य = उप + विश् + ल्यप् (Having sat).

    • ज्ञातुम् = ज्ञा + तुमुन् (To know).

    • गच्छन् = गम् + शतृ (Going).

    • दत्तवान् = दा + क्तवतु (Gave).


    C. Compounds (Samas)

    • हितभुक् = हितं भुङ्क्ते इति (Upapada Tatpurusha).

    • मितभुक् = मितं भुङ्क्ते इति.

    • शुकरूपम् = शुकस्य रूपम् (Shashti Tatpurusha).

    • भवनपार्श्वस्थे = भवनस्य पार्श्वे तिष्ठति इति, तस्मिन् (Upapada/Tatpurusha).

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