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    9.भूकम्पविभीषिका - Bhukampavibhishika - Class 10 - Shemushi 2

    • 14 hours ago
    • 6 min read

    1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)


    English Summary: This chapter discusses the terrifying devastation caused by earthquakes, highlighting them as one of the most destructive natural disasters. It vividly describes the catastrophic earthquake that struck the Kutch district of Gujarat in the year 2001 on Republic Day (26th January) . The joyous celebrations turned into screams of sorrow within moments as multi-storey buildings collapsed, electricity poles were uprooted, and the earth split apart . The text also mentions the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir and Pakistan.


    The chapter explains the scientific reasons behind earthquakes, such as the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic eruptions . It concludes with the message that while humans cannot prevent natural disasters, we can minimize destruction by adopting eco-friendly practices, maintaining the balance of the five elements (Panchamahabhutas), and constructing earthquake-resistant buildings rather than huge skyscrapers in sensitive zones .


    Moral (Sandesh):

    Nature is powerful, and humans must respect the ecological balance. Instead of blindly conquering nature, we should adapt and live in harmony with the five elements to ensure our safety.


    2. Sentence-by-Sentence Translation (Anuvad)

    Sanskrit Text (Split Sandhis)

    English Translation

    एकोत्तरद्विसहस्त्रतमे ख्रीष्टाब्दे (2001 ईस्वीये वर्षे) गणतन्त्रदिवसपर्वणि...

    In the year 2001 AD, on the festival of Republic Day...

    यदा समग्रमपि भारतराष्ट्रं नृत्य-गीत-वादित्राणाम् उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्...

    When the entire Indian nation was immersed in the joy of dance, songs, and music...

    तदा अकस्मात् एव गुर्जरराज्यं पर्याकुलं, विपर्यस्तम्, क्रन्दनविकलं विपन्नञ्च जातम्।

    Then suddenly, the state of Gujarat became agitated, chaotic, filled with crying distress, and miserable.

    भूकम्पस्य दारुणविभीषिका समस्तमपि गुर्जरक्षेत्रं विशेषेण च कच्छजनपदं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितवती।

    The terrible terror of the earthquake turned the entire Gujarat region, especially the Kutch district, into debris/ruins.

    भूकम्पस्य केन्द्रभूतं भुजनगरं तु मृत्तिकाक्रीडनकमिव खण्डखण्डम् जातम्।

    Bhuj city, the epicenter of the earthquake, shattered into pieces like a clay toy.

    बहुभूमिकानि भवनानि क्षणेनैव धराशायीनि जातानि।

    Multi-storey buildings collapsed to the ground in a moment.

    उत्खाताः विद्युद्दीपस्तम्भाः। विशीर्णाः गृहसोपानमार्गाः।

    Electric poles were uprooted. Staircases of houses were scattered/shattered.

    फालद्वये विभक्ता भूमिः।

    The earth split into two parts.

    भूमिगर्भादुपरि निस्सरन्तीभिः दुर्वार-जलधाराभिः महाप्लावनदृश्यम् उपस्थितम्।

    A scene of a great flood appeared due to uncontrollable water streams gushing out from inside the earth.

    सहस्त्रमिताः प्राणिनस्तु क्षणेनैव मृताः।

    Thousands of living beings died in just a moment.

    ध्वस्तभवनेषु सम्पीडिताः सहस्त्रशोऽन्ये सहायतार्थं करुणकरुणं क्रन्दन्ति स्म।

    Thousands of others, crushed under destroyed buildings, were crying piteously for help.

    हा दैव! क्षुत्क्षामकण्ठाः मृतप्रायाः केचन शिशवस्तु ईश्वरकृपया एव द्वित्राणि दिनानि जीवनं धारितवन्तः।

    Oh God! Some children, with throats dry from hunger and almost dead, sustained life for two or three days only by God's grace.

    पृथिव्याः गर्भे विद्यमानोऽग्निर्यदा खनिजमृत्तिकाशिलादिसञ्चयं क्वथयति...

    When the fire present in the womb of the earth boils the accumulation of minerals, soil, and rocks...

    तदा तत्सर्वमेव लावारसताम् उपेत्य दुर्वारगत्या धरां पर्वतं वा विदार्य बहिर्निष्क्रामति।

    Then all of that, turning into lava, tears apart the earth or mountain with uncontrollable speed and comes out.

    शान्तानि एव पञ्चतत्त्वानि क्षितिजलपावकसमीरगगनानि भूतलस्य योगक्षेमाभ्यां कल्पन्ते।

    Only when the five elements—earth, water, fire, air, and sky—are calm, do they ensure the welfare and security of the earth.

    अशान्तानि खलु तान्येव महाविनाशम् उपस्थापयन्ति।

    Indeed, when they become restless/disturbed, they bring about great destruction.

    3. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)


    1. विभीषिका (Vibhishika) = Terror / Horror (त्रासः)

    2. पर्याकुलम् (Paryakulam) = Agitated / Disturbed (व्याकुलम्)

    3. ध्वंसावशेषेषु (Dhvansavashesheshu) = In the ruins / debris (विनाशस्य पश्चात् अवशिष्टवस्तुषु)

    4. मृत्तिकाक्रीडनकम् (Mrittikakridanakam) = Clay toy (मिट्टी का खिलौना)

    5. बहुभूमिकानि (Bahubhumikani) = Multi-storeyed (बहुमंजिला)

    6. धराशायीनि (Dharashayini) = Collapsed on earth (धरायां पतितानि)

    7. उत्खाताः (Utkhatah) = Urooted (उद्धृताः/उखाड़े गए)

    8. महाप्लावनदृश्यम् (Mahaplavanadrishyam) = Scene of great flood (विशालजलप्रलयः)

    9. क्षुत्क्षामकण्ठाः (Kshutkshamakanthah) = Throats dry from hunger (बुभुक्षया कृशकण्ठाः)

    10. संस्खलनम् (Sanskhalam) = Slipping / Displacement (विचलनम्)


    4. Competency-Based Assessment

    A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

    Sentence

    Question

    Explanation

    भूकम्पविभीषिका गुर्जरक्षेत्रं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितवती।

    का गुर्जरक्षेत्रं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितवती?

    Used 'Ka' (Who/What) because 'Bhukampavibhishika' is feminine singular.

    वैज्ञानिकाः कथयन्ति यत् पृथिव्याः अन्तर्गर्भे कम्पनं जायते।

    के कथयन्ति यत् पृथिव्याः अन्तर्गर्भे कम्पनं जायते?

    Used 'Ke' because 'Vaigyanikah' is masculine plural.

    विवशाः प्राणिनः आकाशे पिपीलिकाः इव निहन्यन्ते।

    विवशाः प्राणिनः कुत्र पिपीलिकाः इव निहन्यन्ते?

    Used 'Kutra' (Where) for location 'Akashe'.

    एतादृशी भयावहघटना गढवालक्षेत्रे घटिता।

    एतादृशी भयावहघटना कुत्र/कस्मिन् घटिता?

    Used 'Kutra' or 'Kasmin' for the place.

    भूकम्पकारणं विचारणीयं तिष्ठति।

    किम् विचारणीयं तिष्ठति?

    Used 'Kim' for the object/subject 'Bhukampakaranam'.

    B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)

    1. Question: In "भूकम्पस्य दारुणविभीषिका", what is the Visheshan (Adjective)?

      • Answer: दारुण (Daruna - Terrible).

      • Explanation: It describes the noun 'Vibhishika' (Terror).


    2. Question: In "समग्रं भारतम् उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

      • Answer: आसीत् (Aasit - Was).

      • Explanation: It denotes the state of being.


    3. Question: Write a synonym for "विपत्तिः" from the text.

      • Answer: आपद् / विभीषिका (Apad / Vibhishika).

      • Explanation: 'Apad' refers to calamity/disaster.


    4. Question: Write the antonym for "निर्माणम्" (Construction) from the text.

      • Answer: विनाशम् / ध्वंसः (Vinasham / Dhvansa).

      • Explanation: The text contrasts creation with destruction.


    5. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

    A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

    • Q: कस्य दारुणविभीषिका गुर्जरक्षेत्रं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितवती? (Whose terrible terror turned Gujarat into ruins?)

      • Ans: भूकम्पस्य (Of the earthquake).


    • Q: कीदृशानि भवनानि धराशायीनि जातानि? (What kind of buildings collapsed?)

      • Ans: बहुभूमिकानि (Multi-storeyed).


    • Q: दुर्वारजलधाराभिः किम् उपस्थितम्? (What appeared due to uncontrollable water streams?)

      • Ans: महाप्लावनदृश्यम् (Scene of great flood).


    • Q: कस्य उपशमनस्य स्थिरोपायः नास्ति? (For the pacification of what is there no stable solution?)

      • Ans: भूकम्पस्य (Of the earthquake).


    • Q: कीदृशाः प्राणिनः भूकम्पेन निहन्यन्ते? (What kind of beings are killed by earthquakes?)

      • Ans: विवशाः (Helpless ones).


    B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)

    • Q: समस्तराष्ट्रं कीदृशे उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्? (In what kind of joy was the whole nation immersed?)

      • Ans: समस्तराष्ट्रं नृत्य-गीत-वादित्राणाम् उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्। (The whole nation was immersed in the joy of dance, songs, and music).


    • Q: भूकम्पस्य केन्द्रबिन्दुः कः जनपदः आसीत्? (Which district was the epicenter of the earthquake?)

      • Ans: भूकम्पस्य केन्द्रबिन्दुः कच्छजनपदः आसीत्। (The Kutch district was the epicenter of the earthquake).


    • Q: पृथिव्याः स्खलनात् किं जायते? (What happens due to the slipping of the earth/plates?)

      • Ans: पृथिव्याः स्खलनात् कम्पनं जायते। (Tremors/Quakes occur due to the slipping of the earth).


    • Q: केषां विस्फोटैरपि भूकम्पो जायते? (By whose explosions also do earthquakes occur?)

      • Ans: ज्वालामुखपर्वतानां विस्फोटैरपि भूकम्पो जायते। (Earthquakes also occur due to the explosions of volcanic mountains).


    6. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)


    A. Sandhi (Joining/Splitting)

    1. नियमानुरूपम् (Per rules):

      • किञ्च = किम् + च (Parasavarna).

      • नगरन्तु = नगरम् + तु (Parasavarna).

      • विपन्नञ्च = विपन्नम् + च (Parasavarna).

    2. विसर्गसन्धिः:

      • शिशवस्तु = शिशवः + तु (Satvam - Visarga becomes 's').

      • विस्फोटैः + अपि = विस्फोटैरपि (Rutvam - Visarga becomes 'r').

      • सहस्रशोऽन्ये = सहस्रशः + अन्ये (Utvam - Visarga becomes 'o', 'a' becomes Avagraha).

      • विचित्रोऽयम् = विचित्रः + अयम् (Utvam).


    B. Samas (Compounds)

    1. भूकम्पस्य = भुवः कम्पः (Shashti Tatpurusha - Quake of the earth).

    2. राष्ट्रपर्वणि = राष्ट्रस्य पर्वणि (Shashti Tatpurusha - Festival of the nation).

    3. ध्वंसावशेषेषु = ध्वंसस्य अवशेषेषु (Shashti Tatpurusha - In the remains of destruction).

    4. महत्कम्पनम् = महत् च तत् कम्पनम् (Karmadharaya - Great tremor).

    5. दारुणविभीषिका = दारुणा च सा विभीषिका (Karmadharaya - Terrible terror).


    C. Pratyaya (Suffixes)

    1. परिवर्तितवती = परि + वृत् + क्तवतु + ङीप् (Changed).

    2. हसन् = हस् + शतृ (Laughing).

    3. विशीर्णा = वि + शृ + क्त + टाप् (Shattered).

    4. हतः = हन् + क्त (Killed).

    5. प्रचलन्ती = प्र + चल + शतृ + ङीप् (Moving).


    7. Event Sequencing (Ghatnakram)

    Jumbled Sentences:

    1. बहुभूमानि भवनानि धराशायीनि जातानि।

    2. समग्रं भारतराष्ट्रं गणतन्त्रदिवसपर्वणि उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्।

    3. कच्छजनपदं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितम्।

    4. अकस्मात् गुर्जरराज्यं पर्याकुलं जातम्।

    5. वैज्ञानिकाः भूकम्पस्य कारणं अन्विष्यन्ति।


    Correct Order:

    1. समग्रं भारतराष्ट्रं गणतन्त्रदिवसपर्वणि उल्लासे मग्नम् आसीत्। (Nation was celebrating Republic Day).

    2. अकस्मात् गुर्जरराज्यं पर्याकुलं जातम्। (Suddenly Gujarat became agitated).

    3. बहुभूमानि भवनानि धराशायीनि जातानि। (Multi-storey buildings collapsed).

    4. कच्छजनपदं ध्वंसावशेषेषु परिवर्तितम्। (Kutch turned into ruins).

    5. वैज्ञानिकाः भूकम्पस्य कारणं अन्विष्यन्ति। (Scientists investigate the cause).




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