1. संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वम् - Sangacchadhvam Samvadadhvam - Class 8 - Deepakam

1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)

English Summary: This chapter is an excerpt from the Rigveda (Mandala 10, Sukta 191), known as the "Samjnana Sukta" or "Sanghatana Sukta" (Hymn of Unity). It emphasizes the importance of social harmony, cooperation, and collective progress. The hymn calls upon humans to walk together (progress unitedly), speak in one voice (avoid conflicts), and understand each other's minds. It draws a parallel with the ancient gods and cosmic forces who performed their duties in perfect harmony to sustain the universe. The verses pray for a society where thoughts, assemblies, resolutions, and hearts are united, ensuring peace, prosperity, and happiness for all .

Moral (Sandesh):

Strength lies in unity. A society flourishes only when its members work together, think together, and live with mutual understanding and love.

2. Mantra Translation (Anuvad)

3. Shloka (Mantra) Analysis

Mantra 1

संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वं सं वो मनांसि जानताम्।

देवा भागं यथा पूर्वे संजानाना उपासते॥

• Anvaya: (यूयम्) संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वं वः मनांसि संजानताम्। यथा पूर्वे देवाः भागं संजानानाः उपासते।

• English Meaning: Move together and speak together; let your minds agree. Just as the ancient gods unanimously accepted their portions (in the yajna) and performed their duties, so should you .

  
  

Mantra 2

समानो मन्त्रः समितिः समानी समानं मनः सह चित्तमेषाम्।

समानं मन्त्रमभिमन्त्रये वः समानेन वो हविषा जुहोमि॥

• Anvaya: एषां मन्त्रः समानः, समितिः समानी, मनः समानं, चित्तं सह (अस्तु)। वः समानं मन्त्रम् अभिमन्त्रये वः समानेन हविषा जुहोमि।

• English Meaning: Let their thoughts be common, the assembly common, the mind common, and the consciousness united. I consecrate a common purpose for you; I perform the sacrifice with a common oblation for you .

  
  

Mantra 3

समानी व आकूतिः समाना हृदयानि वः।

समानमस्तु वो मनो यथा वः सुसहासति॥

• Anvaya: (हे मानवाः!) वः आकूतिः समानी (अस्तु)। वः हृदयानि समाना (सन्तु)। यथा वः सह सु असति, (तथा) वः मनः समानम् अस्तु।

• English Meaning: O Humans! May your resolve be equal. May your hearts be united. May your mind be one so that your organization/living together becomes excellent .

  
  

4. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)

1. संगच्छध्वम् (Sangacchadhvam) = Walk together / Be united (मिलित्वा गच्छत)

2. संवदध्वम् (Samvadadhvam) = Speak together / In one voice (एकस्वरेण वदत)

3. मनांसि (Manamsi) = Minds (चित्तानि)

4. जानताम् (Janatam) = May know / Understand (जानन्तु)

5. संजानानाः (Sanjananah) = Being concurrent / Unanimous / Knowing well (एकमनसः भूत्वा)

6. आकूतिः (Akutih) = Resolve / Intention (सङ्कल्पः)

7. हविषा (Havisha) = With oblation / Offering (यज्ञसामग्र्या/प्रार्थनापूर्वकेण समर्पणेन)

8. सुसहासति (Susahasati) = Good union / Beautiful togetherness (सुष्ठु सह-अस्ति / सुसंघटितः भवेत्)

9. समितिः (Samitih) = Assembly / Society (सभा / गोष्ठी)

10. अभिमन्त्रये (Abhimantraye) = I consecrate / Invite / Propagate (संस्कृत्य प्रचारयामि)

    
    

5. Competency-Based Assessment

A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)

1. Question: In "सं वो मनांसि जानताम्", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

   • Answer: जानताम् (Janatam)

   • Explanation: It is the imperative verb meaning 'may they know'.

     
     

2. Question: In "समाना हृदयानि वः", identify the Visheshan (Adjective).

   • Answer: समाना (Samana)

   • Explanation: It describes the noun 'Hridayani' (Hearts).

     
     

3. Question: Write the synonym for "चित्तम्" from the text.

   • Answer: मनः (Manah)

   • Explanation: Both words refer to the mind/heart/consciousness.

     
     

4. Question: Write the antonym for "विषमम्" (Unequal) implied in the text.

   • Answer: समानम् (Samanam)

   • Explanation: The text repeatedly emphasizes 'Samanam' (Equal/Common).

     
     

6. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

• Q: देवाः किं कुर्वन्ति? (What do the gods do?)

  • Ans: उपासते (They accept/perform duties).

    
    

• Q: अस्माकं मनः कीदृशं भवेत्? (How should our mind be?)

  • Ans: समानम् (Common/United).

    
    

• Q: 'संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वम्' इति सन्देशः कुतः गृहीतः? (From where is this message taken?)

  • Ans: ऋग्वेदात् (From Rigveda).

    
    

• Q: जनाः कथं वदेयुः? (How should people speak?)

  • Ans: संवदध्वम् / एकस्वरेण (Together / In one voice).

    
    

B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)

• Q: 'संगच्छध्वं संवदध्वम्' इत्यस्य कः अभिप्रायः? (What is the meaning of 'Sangacchadhvam Samvadadhvam'?)

  • Ans: अस्य अभिप्रायः अस्ति यत् वयं मिलित्वा अग्रे गच्छेम, परस्परं विचारविनिमयं कुर्वन्तः एकस्वरेण वदेम च। (The meaning is that we should move forward together and, exchanging thoughts, speak in one voice) .

    
    

• Q: सर्वे किं परित्यज्य ऐक्यभावेन जीवेयुः? (Abandoning what should everyone live in unity?)

  • Ans: सर्वे वैमनस्यं / मनोभेदं परित्यज्य ऐक्यभावेन जीवेयुः। (Abandoning animosity/difference of opinion, everyone should live in unity) .

    
    

• Q: ऋषयः किमर्थं परमेश्वरं प्रार्थयन्ते? (Why do sages pray to God?)

  • Ans: ऋषयः साम्मनस्यपूर्ण-सङ्कल्पस्य मन्त्रणस्य च साफल्यार्थं परमेश्वरं प्रार्थयन्ते। (Sages pray to God for the success of harmonious resolutions and counsel) .

    
    

7. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)

A. Atmanepada Forms (Gama Dhatu with 'Sam' Prefix)

When the root गम् (Gam) is used with the prefix सम् (Sam), it becomes Atmanepada .

• Example: सम् + गच्छति = सङ्गच्छते (Moves together).

  
  

Lot Lakara (Imperative) - Atmanepada of Sam + Gam:

• Pratham Purush: संगच्छताम्, संगच्छेताम्, संगच्छन्ताम्

• Madhyam Purush: संगच्छस्व, संगच्छेथाम्, संगच्छध्वम् (Used in text)

• Uttam Purush: संगच्छे, संगच्छावहै, संगच्छामहै.

  
  

B. Optional Forms of Asmad/Yushmad

The text highlights optional short forms for the 2nd, 4th, and 6th vibhaktis .

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