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    4. प्रणम्यो देशभक्तोऽयं गोपबन्धुर्महामनाः - Pranamyo Deshabhakto'yam Gopabandhurmahamanah - Class 8 - Deepakam

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    1. Chapter Summary (Paath Saar)


    English Summary:

    The chapter begins with a classroom discussion between a teacher and students regarding a devastating flood in the Mahanadi river in the Kendrapara district of Odisha. The flood caused immense destruction to homes, livestock, and human life. The teacher uses this context to introduce the inspiring story of Utkalamani Gopabandhu Das, a great social worker and patriot who dedicated his life to serving the suffering.

    The teacher narrates a touching incident: Once, while having a meal with fellow teachers, Gopabandhu heard the cry of a hungry beggar outside. Without a second thought, he left his own food and fed the beggar. Gopabandhu Das was a freedom fighter, a teacher who established the Satyavadi Vana Vidyalaya, and a compassionate soul who even left his dying son to serve flood victims. He founded the newspaper 'Samaja'. For his selfless sacrifice, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray conferred upon him the title "Utkalamani" (Jewel of Utkal/Odisha).


    Moral (Sandesh):

    Service to humanity is the highest form of worship. One should prioritize the needs of the suffering over one's own comfort and family.


    2. Sentence-by-Sentence Translation (Anuvad)

    Sanskrit Text (Split Sandhis)

    English Translation

    शिक्षकः - नमस्ते छात्राः! ह्यस्तनीं वार्तां श्रुतवन्तः किम्?

    Teacher: Namaste students! Did you hear yesterday's news?

    हिमानि - नमो नमः आचार्य! ओडिशाराज्यस्य केन्द्रापडा-जनपदे महानद्यां भयङ्करः जलप्लावः सम्भूतः।

    Himani: Salutations Teacher! A terrible flood has occurred in the Mahanadi river in the Kendrapara district of Odisha.

    आचार्यः - जलप्लावेन वासगृहाणि नष्टानि... अन्ये च अनाहारेण कष्टं सहन्ते।

    Teacher: Homes are destroyed by the flood... and others are suffering pain due to lack of food.

    अस्माभिः एतादृशानां दुःखितानां सहायता करणीया।

    We must help such sorrowful people.

    यथा उत्कलमणिः गोपबन्धुः जलप्लावपीडितानाम् अकुण्ठं सेवां कृत्वा अद्यापि जनमानसेषु समादृतोऽस्ति।

    Just as Utkalamani Gopabandhu, having served flood victims without hesitation, is still respected in people's minds today.

    (गोपबन्धोः प्रसंगः)

    (Incident of Gopabandhu)

    एकदा आचार्यहरिहरदासः... सर्वान् अध्यापकान् भोजनाय आमन्त्रितवान्।

    Once Acharya Harihar Das... invited all teachers for a meal.

    तदानीमेव बहिः कश्चन करुणध्वनिः गोपबन्धोः कर्णयोः अगुञ्जत्।

    Just then, a pathetic sound echoed in Gopabandhu's ears from outside.

    "मातः, मातः! बुभुक्षितोऽस्मि, कृपया किञ्चित् भोजनं देहि।"

    "Mother, Mother! I am hungry, please give some food."

    क्रन्दनध्वनिं श्रुत्वैव दयाविगलितहृदयः गोपबन्धुः अश्रुपूर्णनयनोऽभवत्।

    Hearing the crying sound, Gopabandhu, with a heart melted by compassion, became teary-eyed.

    झटिति स्वस्मै परिवेषितं भोजनं हस्ते गृहीत्वा बहिरागतवान्। भिक्षुकञ्च तद् भोजितवान्।

    Immediately taking the food served for himself in his hand, he came out. And he fed that beggar.

    असौ सत्यवादि-वनविद्यालयस्य अध्यापकः... स्वतन्त्रतासङ्ग्रामी च आसीत्।

    He was a teacher at Satyavadi Vana Vidyalaya... and a freedom fighter.

    मरणासन्नं स्वपुत्रमपि विहाय जलप्लावपीडितान्... उद्धर्तुं गृहात् बहिः निर्गतः।

    Leaving even his dying son, he went out of the house to rescue the flood victims.

    3. Shloka Analysis


    Shloka 1 (Gopabandhu's Quote on Food)

    भोजनस्यातिदौर्लभ्यं जीवनाय सुखप्रदम्।

    तदर्थं भोजनं कुर्याः मा शरीरे दयां कुरु॥

    • Anvaya: भोजनस्य अतिदौर्लभ्यं (विद्यते)। जीवनाय सुखप्रदं भोजनं कुर्याः। तदर्थं शरीरे दयां मा कुरु।

    • English Meaning: Food is very scarce. One should eat food only to sustain life (to make life comfortable/possible). Do not show pity on the body (by overeating or hoarding; eat only what is necessary for survival/service).


    Shloka 2 (Gopabandhu's Poem - Odia Translation)

    स्वदेशभूमौ मम लीयतां तनुः,

    स्वदेशलोकास्तदनु प्रयान्तु नु।

    स्वराज्यमार्गे यदि गर्तमालिका,

    ममास्थिमांसैः परिपूरितास्तु सा॥

    • Anvaya: मम तनुः स्वदेशभूमौ लीयताम्। स्वदेशलोकाः तदनु (मम पृष्ठे) नु प्रयान्तु। यदि स्वराज्यमार्गे गर्तमालिका (भवति), सा मम अस्थिमांसैः परिपूरिता अस्तु।

    • English Meaning: Let my body merge into the soil of my own country. Let my countrymen walk upon it (my back/body). If there are potholes (obstacles) on the path to Swaraj (Self-rule), may they be filled with my bones and flesh.


    4. Word Meanings (Kathin Shabdarth)

    1. जलप्लावः (Jalaplavah) = Flood (बाढ़)

    2. ह्यस्तनीम् (Hyastanim) = Of yesterday (कल की)

    3. अकुण्ठम् (Akuntham) = Without hesitation / Generously (बिना हिचक के)

    4. बुभुक्षितः (Bubhukshitah) = Hungry (भूखा)

    5. दयाविगलितहृदयः (Dayavigalitahridayah) = Heart melted with compassion

    6. मरणासन्नम् (Maranasannam) = Near death / Dying (मरने के करीब)

    7. उत्कलमणिः (Utkalamanih) = Jewel of Utkal (Odisha)

    8. गर्तमालिका (Gartamalika) = Series of potholes/pits

    9. अस्थिमांसैः (Asthimamsaih) = With bones and flesh

    10. प्रतिष्ठाता (Pratishthata) = Founder (स्थापना करने वाला)


    5. Competency-Based Assessment

    A. Question Construction (Prashna Nirman)

    Sentence

    Question

    Explanation

    महानद्यां जलप्लावः सम्भूतः।

    कुत्र/कस्याम् जलप्लावः सम्भूतः?

    Used 'Kutra' (Where) or 'Kasyam' (In which - fem).

    गोपबन्धुः भिक्षुकं भोजितवान्।

    कः भिक्षुकं भोजितवान्?

    Used 'Kah' because 'Gopabandhuh' is Masculine Singular subject.

    सः भिक्षुकं भोजनं दत्तवान्।

    सः कम् भोजनं दत्तवान्?

    Used 'Kam' for Masculine Accusative object.

    प्रफुल्लचन्द्ररायः उपाधिना सम्मानितवान्।

    कः उपाधिना सम्मानितवान्?

    Used 'Kah' for the subject.

    गोपबन्धुः उत्कलमणिः इति उपाधिना सम्मानितः।

    गोपबन्धुः केन उपाधिना सम्मानितः?

    Used 'Kena' (By what) for the title.

    B. Bhashik Karyam (Linguistic Work)

    1. Question: In "भयङ्करः जलप्लावः", identify the Visheshan (Adjective).

      • Answer: भयङ्करः (Bhayankarah)

      • Explanation: It describes the noun 'Jalaplavah' (Flood).


    2. Question: In "ते सम्प्रति अतिदुःखिताः भवेयुः", what is the Kriya Padam (Verb)?

      • Answer: भवेयुः (Bhaveyuh)

      • Explanation: It means 'they might be'.


    3. Question: Write the synonym for "शरीरम्" from Shloka 2.

      • Answer: तनुः (Tanuh)

      • Explanation: 'Tanuh' means body.


    4. Question: Write the antonym for "विदेश" (Foreign country) from the text.

      • Answer: स्वदेश (Swadesha)

      • Explanation: Used in 'Swadeshabhumau'.


    6. Subjective Q&A (Pathit Avabodhanam)

    A. Ekpaden Uttarat (One Word Answers)

    • Q: समाज-दिनपत्रिकायाः प्रतिष्ठाता कः? (Who was the founder of the 'Samaja' daily newspaper?)

      • Ans: गोपबन्धुदासः (Gopabandhu Das).


    • Q: गोपबन्धुः कस्मै स्वभोजनं दत्तवान्? (To whom did Gopabandhu give his food?)

      • Ans: भिक्षुकाय (To the beggar).


    • Q: मरणासन्नः कः आसीत्? (Who was dying/near death?)

      • Ans: स्वपुत्रः / गोपबन्धोः पुत्रः (His son / Gopabandhu's son).


    • Q: गोपबन्धुः केन उपाधिना सम्मानितः अभवत्? (With which title was Gopabandhu honored?)

      • Ans: उत्कलमणिः (Utkalamani).


    • Q: गोपबन्धुः कति वर्षाणि कारावासं प्राप्तवान्? (For how many years was Gopabandhu imprisoned?)

      • Ans: वर्षद्वयम् (Two years).


    B. Purnavakyen Uttarat (Full Sentence Answers)

    • Q: गोपबन्धुः किमर्थम् अश्रुपूर्णनयनः अभवत्? (Why did Gopabandhu become teary-eyed?)

      • Ans: बुभुक्षितस्य भिक्षुकस्य करुणक्रन्दनं श्रुत्वा गोपबन्धुः अश्रुपूर्णनयनः अभवत्। (Hearing the pathetic crying of the hungry beggar, Gopabandhu became teary-eyed).


    • Q: कीदृशं पुत्रं विहाय गोपबन्धुः समाजसेवाम् अकरोत्? (Leaving what kind of son did Gopabandhu do social service?)

      • Ans: मरणासन्नं (रुग्णं) पुत्रं विहाय गोपबन्धुः समाजसेवाम् अकरोत्। (Leaving his dying/sick son, Gopabandhu did social service).


    • Q: गोपबन्धोः कृते उत्कलमणिः इति उपाधिः किमर्थं प्रदत्तः? (Why was the title Utkalamani given to Gopabandhu?)

      • Ans: समाजसेवायै देशसेवायै च तस्य असीमं त्यागं दृष्ट्वा आचार्यः प्रफुल्लचन्द्ररायः तम् 'उत्कलमणिः' इति उपाधिना सम्मानितवान्। (Seeing his immense sacrifice for social and national service, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray honored him with the title 'Utkalamani').


    7. Integrated Grammar (Vyakaran)

    A. Purvarupa Sandhi (पूर्वरूपसन्धिः)

    When a word ends in 'ए' (e) or 'ओ' (o) and is followed by 'अ' (a), the 'अ' merges into the preceding vowel, and its presence is marked by an Avagraha (ऽ).


    • देशभक्तो + अयम् = देशभक्तोऽयम् (Deshabhakto'yam)

    • सर्वे + अपि = सर्वेऽपि (Sarve'pi)

    • पशवो + अपि = पशवोऽपि (Pashavo'pi)

    • बुभुक्षितो + अस्मि = बुभुक्षितोऽस्मि (Bubhukshito'smi)

    • अश्रुपूर्णनयनो + अभवत् = अश्रुपूर्णनयनोऽभवत् (Ashrupurnanayano'bhavat)


    B. Change of Gender (Verb forms)

    The text demonstrates changing Ktavatu (Past Active Participle) from Masculine to Feminine.

    • Masculine (-van): गतवान् (Gatavan) -> Feminine (-vati): गतवती (Gatavati)

    • प्राप्तवान् -> प्राप्तवती

    • उपविष्टवान् -> उपविष्टवती

    • भुक्तवान् -> भुक्तवती

    • कृतवान् -> कृतवती

    • गृहीतवान् -> गृहीतवती


    C. Biography Highlights (Yogyatavistarah)

    • Name: Utkalamani Gopabandhu Das


    • Birth: 09/10/1877, Suando Village, Puri, Odisha


    • Parents: Daityari Das (Father), Swarnamayi Devi (Mother)


    • Contribution: Founded Satyavadi Vana Vidyalaya (First open school in India, 1909) , Published 'Samaja' newspaper.


    • Literary Works: Bandira Atmakatha, Kara-Kavita, Dharmapada, Go-Mahatmya.



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