8.2. कुत्र अस्ति ? - Where is it? - - Class 8 - Amod
- 6 days ago
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Updated: 24 hours ago
Bilingual Summary
English
This lesson introduces the Locative Case (Seventh Case/Saptami Vibhakti) in Sanskrit, which is used to indicate the location or position of an object (equivalent to prepositions like 'in', 'on', or 'at' in English).
Masculine & Neuter nouns ending in 'a': The suffix changes to -e (e.g., Vriksha → Vrikshe, Jala → Jale).
Feminine nouns ending in 'aa': The suffix changes to -ayam (e.g., Mala → Malayam).
Feminine nouns ending in 'ee': The suffix changes to -yam (e.g., Nadi → Nadyam).
The lesson uses simple questions like "Where is the fruit?" or "Where is the fish?" to demonstrate these forms.
Marathi (मराठी)
हा पाठ संस्कृतमधील सप्तमी विभक्ती (अधिकरण कारक) ची ओळख करून देतो. एखाद्या वस्तूचे स्थान (आत, वर, मध्ये) दर्शवण्यासाठी ही विभक्ती वापरली जाते.
अकारान्त पुल्लिंगी व नपुंसकलिंगी नामे: शब्दाच्या शेवटी 'े' मात्रा लागते (उदा. वृक्ष → वृक्षे, जल → जले).
आकारान्त स्त्रीलिंगी नामे: शब्दाच्या शेवटी 'याम्' प्रत्यय लागतो (उदा. माला → मालायाम्).
ईकारान्त स्त्रीलिंगी नामे: शब्दाच्या शेवटी 'याम्' प्रत्यय लागतो (उदा. नदी → नद्याम्).
'फळ कोठे आहे?' किंवा 'मासा कोठे आहे?' अशा सोप्या प्रश्नांद्वारे हे रूप समजावून सांगितले आहे.
Glossary (शब्दार्थ)
Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English | Marathi (मराठी) |
कुत्र | Where? | कोठे? |
अस्ति | Is | आहे |
वृक्षः / वृक्षे | Tree / On the tree | झाड / झाडावर |
स्यूतः / स्यूते | Bag / In the bag | पिशवी / पिशवीत |
गगनम् / गगने | Sky / In the sky | आकाश / आकाशात |
जलम् / जले | Water / In the water | पाणी / पाण्यात |
मीनाः | Fish (Plural) | मासे |
तरन्ति | Swim | पोहतात |
मौक्तिकानि | Pearls | मोती |
माला / मालायाम् | Necklace / In the necklace | माळ / माळेमध्ये |
लेखनी / पेटिकायाम् | Pen / In the box | लेखणी / पेटीमध्ये (कंपासात) |
नदी / नद्याम् | River / In the river | नदी / नदीमध्ये |
द्रोणी / द्रोण्याम् | Bucket / In the bucket | बादली / बादलीमध्ये |
वहति | Flows | वाहते |
Sentence-by-Sentence Translation
8.2.1 Masculine & Neuter Locative (पुल्लिंगी व नपुंसकलिंगी सप्तमी)
Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Translation | Marathi Translation (मराठी भाषांतर) |
फलं कुत्र अस्ति ? | Where is the fruit? | फळ कोठे आहे? |
फलं वृक्षे अस्ति । | The fruit is on the tree. | फळ झाडावर आहे. |
कूपी कुत्र अस्ति ? | Where is the bottle? | बाटली कोठे आहे? |
कूपी स्यूते अस्ति । | The bottle is in the bag. | बाटली पिशवीत आहे. |
चन्द्रः कुत्र ? | Where is the moon? | चंद्र कोठे आहे? |
चन्द्रः गगने । | The moon is in the sky. | चंद्र आकाशात आहे. |
मीनाः कुत्र तरन्ति ? | Where do fish swim? | मासे कोठे पोहतात? |
मीनाः जले तरन्ति । | Fish swim in the water. | मासे पाण्यात पोहतात. |
8.2.2 Feminine Locative (स्त्रीलिंगी सप्तमी)
Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Translation | Marathi Translation (मराठी भाषांतर) |
मौक्तिकानि कुत्र ? | Where are the pearls? | मोती कोठे आहेत? |
मौक्तिकानि मालायाम् । | Pearls are in the necklace. | मोती माळेमध्ये आहेत. |
लेखनी कुत्र ? | Where is the pen? | लेखणी (पेन) कोठे आहे? |
लेखनी पेटिकायाम् । | The pen is in the box. | लेखणी पेटीत (कंपासात) आहे. |
नौका कुत्र वहति ? | Where does the boat flow/sail? | होडी कोठे वाहते/चालते? |
नौका नद्यां वहति । | The boat sails in the river. | होडी नदीमध्ये चालते. |
जलं कुत्र अस्ति ? | Where is the water? | पाणी कोठे आहे? |
जलं द्रोण्याम् अस्ति । | Water is in the bucket. | पाणी बादलीमध्ये आहे. |
Exercises (भाषाभ्यासः)
5.1.
Make meaningful sentences (अर्थपूर्णानि वाक्यानि रचयत)
Instructions: Use the correct locative form of the words in brackets.
पर्वते मन्दिरम् अस्ति । (There is a temple on the mountain.)
दुग्धे शर्करा नास्ति । (There is no sugar in the milk.)
लेखन्याम् मसी अस्ति । (There is ink in the pen.)
वाटिकायां दोला अस्ति । (There is a swing in the garden.)
पुस्तके गीतम् अस्ति । (There is a song in the book.)
5.2. Diagram/Flowchart Answers (जालरेखाचित्रं पूरयत)
जलं कुत्र अस्ति? (Where is water?)
कूप्याम् (In the bottle) [Original: कूपी]
कलशे (In the pot) [Original: कलशः]
सरोवरे (In the lake) [Original: सरोवरः]
नद्याम् (In the river) [Original: नदी]
समुद्रे (In the sea) [Original: समुद्रः]
गङ्गायाम् (In the Ganges) [Original: गङ्गा]
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